Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 46, Shloka 13

दितितपः-शक्रपरिचर्या-गर्भभेदः

Diti’s Penance, Indra’s Service, and the Severing of the Embryo

Devanagari script

याचितेन सुरश्रेष्ठ तव पित्रा महात्मना।वरो वर्षसहस्रान्ते दत्तो मम सुतं प्रति।।1.46.13।।

Transliteration

yācitena suraśreṣṭha tava pitrā mahātmanā | varo varṣa-sahasrānte datto mama sutaṁ prati ||1.46.13||

Translation

โอ้ผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่เทวะ บิดาผู้มีมหาตมะของท่าน เมื่อข้าพเจ้าทูลขอแล้ว ครั้นครบพันปีได้ประทานพรแก่ข้าพเจ้า—ว่าด้วยบุตรของข้าพเจ้า

Word by Word

• याचितेन: by (his) request
• याचितेन: करण (Instrumental of cause/means)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √याच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle) नपुंसकलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘याचितेन’ = having been requested/at the request

• सुरश्रेष्ठ: O best of the gods
• सुरश्रेष्ठ: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर-श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; समासः: सुराणां श्रेष्ठः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• तव: your
• तव: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (Genitive/6th)

• पित्रा: by (your) father
• पित्रा: कर्ता (Agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• महात्मना: by the great-souled
• महात्मना: कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘पित्रा’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; समासः: महत् + आत्मन् (कर्मधारय)

• वरः: a boon
• वरः: कर्म (Subject of passive ‘दत्तः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• वर्षसहस्रान्ते: at the end of a thousand years
• वर्षसहस्रान्ते: अधिकरण (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष-सहस्र-अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; समासः: वर्षसहस्रस्य अन्तः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• दत्तः: was granted
• दत्तः: क्रिया (Passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive sense)

• मम: to me / my
• मम: सम्प्रदान (Recipient/beneficiary in context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• सुतम्: a son
• सुतम्: सम्बन्ध (Topic/object of reference with ‘प्रति’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• प्रति: concerning, about
• प्रति: सम्बन्ध (Relational marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्गसदृश-अव्यय/पूर्वसर्ग (preposition), ‘concerning/towards’

Context

"O best of the gods! your illustrious father granted me a boon for a son I sought on completion of a thousand years (of penance).

Characters & Entities

• Diti
• Indra
• boon (vara)
• son (suta)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes fidelity to promises and boons: a boon granted by a great-souled authority is presented as a binding truth that structures future events.

What is the narrative situation?

Diti reminds Indra of a boon previously granted to her—specifically, the promise of a son after the completion of her austerity term.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Satya (truthfulness) and obligation—boons and words given by the righteous are treated as dependable commitments.