Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 33, Shloka 25

कुशनाभकन्याशतविवाहः — The Marriage of Kuśanābha’s Hundred Daughters

and the Birth of Brahmadatta

Devanagari script

कृतोद्वाहं तु राजानं ब्रह्मदत्तं महीपति:।सदारं प्रेषयामास सोपाध्यायगणं तदा।।1.33.25।।

Transliteration

kṛtodvāhaṁ tu rājānaṁ brahmadattaṁ mahīpatiḥ |

sadāraṁ preṣayāmāsa sopādhyāyagaṇaṁ tadā ||1.33.25||

Translation

ครั้นพิธีอภิเษกสมรสสำเร็จโดยชอบแล้ว พระมหากษัตริย์ก็ทรงส่งพระราชาพรหมทัตให้เสด็จไปพร้อมพระมเหสีทั้งหลาย และหมู่พราหมณ์ปุโรหิตกับอาจารย์ทั้งปวง

Word by Word

• कृतोद्वाहम्: whose marriage was performed
• कृतोद्वाहम्: कर्म (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (√कृ धातु; क्त) + उद्वाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (कृतः उद्वाहः यस्य)

• तु: but/and
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• राजानम्: the king
• राजानम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ब्रह्मदत्तम्: Brahmadatta
• ब्रह्मदत्तम्: कर्म (Object apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मदत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम

• महीपतिः: the king (Kusanabha)
• महीपतिः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महीपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सदारम्: together with (his) wife/wives
• सदारम्: कर्म (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय-उपसर्ग/सह) + दार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—अव्ययीभावः (सदारम् = दारैः सह)

• प्रेषयामास: sent
• प्रेषयामास: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + √इष्/√प्रेष् (धातु; causative stem प्रेषय)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच् (causative) प्रयोगः

• सोपाध्यायगणम्: along with the group of priests/teachers
• सोपाध्यायगणम्: कर्म (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय-उपसर्ग/सह) + उपाध्याय (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—अव्ययीभावः (उपाध्यायगणेन सह)

• तदा: then
• तदा: कालाधिकरण (Time adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण

Context

Then the king along with his queens performed the marriage of his daughters in the assembly of priests and sent them with Brahmadatta (to his kingdom).

Characters & Entities

• Kūśanābha
• Brahmadatta
• Kūśanābha’s daughters
• upādhyāyas (priests/teachers)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rites are to be completed with proper witnesses and guidance (priests/teachers); dharma is upheld through orderly completion and respectful send-off.

What is the narrative situation?

After the marriage ceremonies, Brahmadatta departs for his realm with his newly wedded wives and the officiating elders.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respect for tradition and social responsibility—ensuring the marriage is ritually complete and properly supervised.