Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 17, Shloka 31

सप्तदशः सर्गः — देवसंवादः तथा वानर-ऋक्ष-उत्पत्तिः

Divine Council and the Generation of Vanara Allies

Devanagari script

सूर्यपुत्रं च सुग्रीवं शक्रपुत्रं च वालिनम्।भ्रातरावुपतस्थुस्ते सर्व एव हरीश्वरा:।।।।नलं नीलं हनूमन्तमन्यांश्च हरियूथपान्। 3

Transliteration

sūryaputraṃ ca sugrīvaṃ śakraputraṃ ca vālinam | bhrātarāv upatasthuḥ te sarva eva harīśvarāḥ ||

nalaṃ nīlaṃ hanūmantaṃ anyāṃś ca hariyūthapān |

Translation

เหล่าวานเรศวรทั้งปวงต่างมาชุมนุมเฝ้าสองพี่น้อง—สุครีพ โอรสพระสุริยะ และวาลี โอรสพระศักระ—พร้อมด้วยนละ นีละ หนุมาน และหัวหน้ากองอื่นๆ

Word by Word

• सूर्यपुत्रम्: the son of the Sun (Sugriva/one so called)
• सूर्यपुत्रम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य-पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सूर्यस्य पुत्रः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• सुग्रीवम्: Sugriva
• सुग्रीवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शक्रपुत्रम्: the son of Indra
• शक्रपुत्रम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र-पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शक्रस्य पुत्रः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• वालिनम्: Vali
• वालिनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भ्रातरौ: the two brothers
• भ्रातरौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन

• उपतस्थुः: stood near / attended
• उपतस्थुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-स्था (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; धातु: √स्था (to stand) उपसर्ग: उप

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (pronoun)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of ते/हरीश्वरा:)

• एव: indeed / just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• हरीश्वरा: lords/leaders of the monkeys
• हरीश्वरा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरीश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (हरीणाम् ईश्वराः)

• नलम्: Nala
• नलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• नीलम्: Nila
• नीलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नील (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• हनूमन्तम्: Hanuman
• हनूमन्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनूमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अन्यान्: other
• अन्यान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of हरियूथपान्)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• हरियूथपान्: leaders of monkey troops
• हरियूथपान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि-यूथप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (हरीणां यूथपाः)

Context

All those leaders, Nala, Neela, Hanuman and others dwelt near those two brothers Sugriva, the offspring of Surya and Vali, the son of Indra.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Vālī
• Sūrya
• Śakra (Indra)
• Nala
• Nīla
• Hanūmān
• hariyūthapa (troop-commanders)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma values orderly leadership and unity: many capable leaders align under central authority, making collective action for a righteous end possible.

What is the narrative situation?

The principal vānaras and their commanders assemble around the royal brothers Sugrīva and Vālī, indicating the formation of a structured polity and military leadership.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loyalty and organized cooperation: leaders choose coordinated service rather than isolated strength.