Valmiki Ramayana 2.72.10: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 10

भरतस्य मातृसदनगमनं कैकेय्या दारुणवृत्तान्तकथनं च

Bharata in Kaikeyi’s apartments: revelation of Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile

Devanagari script

राजवाक्यहरैर्दूतैस्त्वर्यमाणोऽहमागतः।यदहं प्रष्टुमिच्छामि तदम्बा वक्तुमर्हति।।2.72.10।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.72.10

Transliteration

sa gaṅgāṃ prāgvaṭe tīrtvā samāyāt kuṭikōṣṭhikām |

sabalaḥ tāṃ sa tīrtvā ’tha samāyād dharmavardhanam ||2.72.10||

Translation

ครั้นข้ามแม่น้ำคงคาที่ท่าปรากวัฏแล้ว พระองค์เสด็จถึงกุฏิโกษฐิกา ต่อจากนั้นทรงข้ามที่นั่นพร้อมกองทัพ แล้วเสด็จถึงธรรมวรรธนะ

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Word by Word

• राजवाक्यहरैः: by royal-message-bearing
• राजवाक्यहरैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāja + vākya + hara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: राज्ञः वाक्यं हरन्ति इति; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन (Instr. pl)

• दूतैः: by messengers
• दूतैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन (Instr. pl)

• त्वर्यमाणः: being hastened/urged
• त्वर्यमाणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tvar yamāna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √tvar त्वृ/त्वर् (धातु))
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्/यमान), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg); कर्मणि/भावे—'being hurried'

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg)

• आगतः: came
• आगतः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: āgata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; ā + √gam गम् (धातु))
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; कर्तरि—'I have come'

• यत्: what/that which
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg); सम्बन्धक (relative)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg)

• प्रष्टुम्: to ask
• प्रष्टुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + √śas/√prach (प्रच्छ् धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive): 'to ask'

• इच्छामि: I wish
• इच्छामि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √iṣ (इष् धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg); तद्-सम्बन्धक (correlative)

• अम्बा: mother
• अम्बा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ambā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg)

• वक्तुम्: to say
• वक्तुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (वच् धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive): 'to tell/say'

• अर्हति: ought/is fit
• अर्हति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √arh (अर्ह् धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

Context

With Ganga at Pragvata city and river Kutikoshtika crossed along with his army, he reached Dharmavardhana village.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Gaṅgā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma appears as orderly leadership—Bharata travels with his forces in a disciplined manner, suggesting governance guided by procedure and responsibility.

What is the narrative situation?

The verse lists Bharata’s route-markers: he crosses the Gaṅgā and another river/stream, then reaches Dharmavardhana.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Practical steadiness (kārya-niṣṭhā): he advances step by step, ensuring his retinue crosses safely.