Valmiki Ramayana 2.111.18: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 111, Shloka 18

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकादशोत्तरशततमः सर्गः

Sarga 111: Counsel on Gurus, Parental Debt, and Bharata’s Protest

Devanagari script

उत्तिष्ठ नरशार्दूल हित्वैतद्दारुणं व्रतम्।पुरवर्यामितः क्षिप्रमयोध्यां याहि राघव।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.111.18

Transliteration

uttiṣṭha naraśārdūla hitvaitad dāruṇaṃ vratam | puravaryām itaḥ kṣipram ayodhyāṃ yāhi rāghava ||

Translation

จงลุกขึ้นเถิด โอ้พยัคฆ์ในหมู่มนุษย์ จงละปณิธานอันโหดหนักนี้เสีย จากที่นี่จงรีบไปสู่อโยธยา นครอันประเสริฐยิ่ง โอ้เชื้อสายแห่งรฆุ

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Word by Word

• उत्तिष्ठ: arise, stand up
• उत्तिष्ठ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-स्था (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• नरशार्दूल: O tiger among men
• नरशार्दूल: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर-शार्दूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masc), सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (naraṇāṃ śārdūlaḥ)

• हित्वा: having given up
• हित्वा: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal), ‘having abandoned’

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neut), द्वितीया (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• दारुणम्: harsh, dreadful
• दारुणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of ‘vratam’)

• व्रतम्: vow, resolve
• व्रतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पुरवर्याम्: to the best city
• पुरवर्याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुर-वर्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem), द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (varā ca sā purī)

• इतः: from here
• इतः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अपादानार्थक (ablatival adverb)

• क्षिप्रम्: quickly
• क्षिप्रम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्षिप्रम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• अयोध्याम्: Ayodhya
• अयोध्याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयोध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• याहि: go, return
• याहि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• राघव: O Raghava
• राघव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Context

O Bharata, O tiger among men, O scion of the Raghu race! give up this formidable vow. Arise and quickly return to Ayodhya, the best of cities.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Bharata (addressed as Rāghava)
• Ayodhya

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rama redirects Bharata to rightful royal duty: rather than protest, Bharata should uphold order in Ayodhya in accordance with proper conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama commands Bharata to stop the protest vow and return to govern from Ayodhya.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s leadership and steadiness—he guides Bharata toward duty without yielding to emotional compulsion.