Shloka 19

सीतावियोगे रामविलापः

Rama’s Lament in Separation from Sita

Devanagari script

शोकं विमुञ्चार्य धृतिं भजस्व सोत्साहता चास्तु विमार्गणेऽस्याः।उत्साहवन्तो हि नरा न लोके सीदन्ति कर्मस्वतिदुष्करेषु।।।।

Transliteration

śokaṁ vimuñcārya dhṛtiṁ bhajasva sotsāhatā cāstu vimārgaṇe ’syāḥ |

utsāhavanto hi narā na loke sīdanti karmasv atiduṣkareṣu ||

Translation

จงสลัดความโศกแล้วตั้งมั่นในความอดทน ให้มีความเพียรกล้าในการสืบเสาะนางเถิด เพราะในโลกนี้ ผู้มีความมุ่งมั่นย่อมไม่จมอยู่ในความสิ้นหวัง แม้งานจะยากยิ่งนัก

Word by Word

• शोकम्: grief, sorrow
• शोकम्: कर्म (object of vimuñcārya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masc., acc., sg.)

• विमुञ्चार्य: having abandoned (given up)
• विमुञ्चार्य: क्रियाविशेषण (absolutive modifying bhajasva)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+मुच् (धातु) → विमुच्य (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्) रूपम्
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययम् (ल्यप्), पूर्वक्रिया; ‘विमुच्य/विमुञ्च्य’ = having released/abandoned

• धृतिम्: steadfastness, courage
• धृतिम्: कर्म (object of bhajasva)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (fem., acc., sg.)

• भजस्व: adopt, take up
• भजस्व: क्रिया (main verb; addressed to listener)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भज् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकारः (आज्ञार्थकः), मध्यमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम् (imperative, 2nd sg., Ā.)

• सोत्साहता: enthusiasm (with zeal)
• सोत्साहता: कर्तृ/विधेय (predicate-nominative with astu)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स-उत्साहता (प्रातिपदिक) = सह + उत्साहता
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (fem., nom., sg.); ‘स’ उपसर्गवत् अव्ययपूर्वपदसमासः

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• अस्तु: let it be, may it be
• अस्तु: क्रिया (injunctive: “let there be…”)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम् (imperative/benedictive sense, 3rd sg., P.)

• विमार्गणे: in the search, in seeking
• विमार्गणे: अधिकरण (locus: “in the searching”)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विमार्गण (प्रातिपदिक) (वि+मार्गण)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (neut., loc., sg.)

• अस्याः: of her (of Sītā)
• अस्याः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation to vimārgaṇe)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्या
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (fem., gen., sg.)

• उत्साहवन्तः: enthusiastic, spirited
• उत्साहवन्तः: कर्तृ (subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्साहवत् (प्रातिपदिक) = उत्साह + वत् (मतुप्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (masc., nom., pl.); विशेषणम् (qualifying narāḥ)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: वाक्यसम्बन्ध (particle: emphasis/reason)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (emphatic/causal particle)

• नराः: men, people
• नराः: कर्तृ (subject of sīdanti)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (masc., nom., pl.)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (negates sīdanti)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negation particle)

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: अधिकरण (in the world)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masc., loc., sg.)

• सीदन्ति: sink, become despondent
• सीदन्ति: क्रिया (do not sink/despond)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सद् (धातु) (सीद्-आदेशः)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (वर्तमानकालः), प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्; परस्मैपदम् (present, 3rd pl., P.)

• कर्मसु: in tasks, in actions
• कर्मसु: अधिकरण (in tasks/undertakings)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (neut., loc., pl.)

• अतिदुष्करेषु: in extremely difficult (ones)
• अतिदुष्करेषु: विशेषण (qualifier of locus: “in very difficult [tasks]”)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति-दुष्कर (प्रातिपदिक) = अति (अव्यय) + दुष्कर
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (neut., loc., pl.); विशेषणम् (qualifying karmasu)

Context

O noble prince, give up grief. Take courage. Show enthusiasm to search and find Sita. Enthusiastic people will not get despondent in carrying out the most difficult tasks.

Characters & Entities

• Lakshmana
• Rama
• Sita (implied by asyāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is presented as disciplined courage: one must master grief and act with steady effort to restore what is right, rather than surrender to despair.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakshmana urges Rama to stop lamenting and to actively search for Sita, emphasizing timely action.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fortitude (dhṛti) and energetic perseverance (utsāha), embodied by Lakshmana’s practical counsel.