Shloka 10

षष्ठस्सर्गः — तपस्विरक्षणे राजधर्मोपदेशः

Sarga 6: The Sages’ Appeal and Instruction on Royal Duty

Devanagari script

त्वामासाद्य महात्मानं धर्मज्ञं धर्मवत्सलम्।अर्थित्वान्नाथ वक्ष्यामस्तच्च नः क्षन्तुमर्हसि।।।।

Transliteration

tvām āsādya mahātmānaṃ dharmajñaṃ dharmavatsalam |

arthitvān nātha vakṣyāmas tac ca naḥ kṣantum arhasi ||

Translation

ข้าแต่พระนาถ ผู้เป็นมหาตมะ ผู้รู้ธรรมและรักธรรม เมื่อพวกข้าพเจ้ามาถึงพระองค์ด้วยความเดือดร้อน จึงจักกราบทูลถ้อยคำนี้ ขอพระองค์ทรงโปรดอภัยแก่พวกข้าพเจ้าด้วยเถิด

Word by Word

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• आसाद्य: having approached
• आसाद्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√सद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal), अर्थः: ‘having approached/reached’

• महात्मानम्: great-souled one
• महात्मानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• धर्मज्ञम्: knower of dharma
• धर्मज्ञम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्मज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpurusha): धर्म + ज्ञ, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) महात्मानम् इति विशेष्यस्य

• धर्मवत्सलम्: fond of dharma
• धर्मवत्सलम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्मवत्सल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: धर्म + वत्सल, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• अर्थित्वात्: because of (our) neediness
• अर्थित्वात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थित्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन; हेतौ पञ्चमी (ablative of cause): ‘because of (our) neediness’

• नाथ: O lord
• नाथ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-प्रथमा (Vocative), एकवचन

• वक्ष्यामः: we shall speak
• वक्ष्यामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘that (matter)’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• नः: of us
• नः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘of us/our’

• क्षन्तुम्: to forgive
• क्षन्तुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √क्षम (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive), अर्थः: ‘to forgive/endure’

• अर्हसि: you ought (to)
• अर्हसि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्ह् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; विध्यर्थ-प्रयोग (sense: ‘should/ought’)

Context

O lord, do excuse us. We sought your help to fulfil our needs since you are at hand. You are a great soul, knower and lover of dharma.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sages (petitioners)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse teaches dharmic communication: even when seeking justice, petitioners should speak with humility and restraint; it also affirms the king’s identity as dharma-knower and dharma-lover, implying his obligation to respond.

What is the narrative situation?

A group of sages approaches Rāma in the forest and, with deference, prepares to request help regarding threats in the wilderness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Humility and decorum in the sages, and dharma-centered kingship in Rāma.