Shloka 41

सीताहरण

विलापः / The Lament at Jatāyu and the Abduction of Sītā

Devanagari script

सुप्रवेपितगात्राश्च बभूवुर्वनदेवताः।।।।विक्रोशन्तीं दृढं सीतां दृष्ट्वा दुःखं तथा गताम्।

Transliteration

supravēpita-gātrāś ca babhūvur vana-devatāḥ |

vikrōśantīṃ dṛḍhaṃ sītāṃ dṛṣṭvā duḥkhaṃ tathā gatām ||

Translation

เหล่าเทวดาแห่งพงไพรสั่นสะท้านทั่วกาย; ครั้นเห็นนางสีตาร้องครวญครางอย่างแรงและตกอยู่ในทุกข์ใหญ่ ก็พากันหวั่นไหว

Word by Word

• सुप्रवेपितगात्राः: whose limbs were greatly trembling
• सुप्रवेपितगात्राः: कर्तृ (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-प्रवेपित-गात्र (प्रातिपदिक; सु + प्रवेपित + गात्र)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सु + प्रवेपितानि गात्राणि यस्याः), विशेषणम् (qualifying वनदेवताः)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)

• बभूवुः: became/were
• बभूवुः: क्रिया (आख्यात)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• वनदेवताः: forest deities
• वनदेवताः: कर्तृ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन-देवता (प्रातिपदिक; वन + देवता)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वनस्य देवताः)

• विक्रोशन्तीम्: crying out
• विक्रोशन्तीम्: कर्म (कर्मकारक)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + क्रुश् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले (Present) शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying सीताम्)

• दृढम्: strongly
• दृढम्: सम्बन्ध (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दृढ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverbial accusative) ‘firmly/strongly’

• सीताम्: Sītā
• सीताम्: कर्म (कर्मकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: हेतु/पूर्वक्रिया (पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund)

• दुःखम्: sorrowfully/in grief
• दुःखम्: सम्प्रदान/भाव (भावार्थे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (accusative of state)

• तथा: thus/likewise
• तथा: सम्बन्ध (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb) ‘thus/likewise’

• गताम्: gone/come to (that state)
• गताम्: कर्म (कर्मकारक)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying सीताम्)

Context

The ten headed Ravana abducted Sita who was calling out, O Rama, O Lakshmana with her sweet voice, weeping , looking down on the earth her hair dishevelled and auspicious, (vermilion) mark on the forehead erased. Ravana abducted this highminded Sita for his own destruction.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Forest deities (vanadevatāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is presented as something upheld and recognized by divine and natural orders; their trembling signals that adharma provokes moral shock across realms.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā’s cries and suffering during abduction cause even the forest deities to react with fear and grief.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s steadfastness in calling out for help (and not consenting), reinforcing her integrity amid coercion.