Shloka 22

सीताहरण

विलापः / The Lament at Jatāyu and the Abduction of Sītā

Devanagari script

राक्षसेन समाधूतं तस्यास्तद्वदनं शुभम्।शुशुभे न विना रामंदिवा चन्द्र इवोदितः।।।।

Transliteration

rākṣasena samādhūtaṃ tasyās tad vadanaṃ śubham |

śuśubhe na vinā rāmaṃ divā candra ivoditaḥ ||

Translation

เมื่อถูกรากษสเขย่า ใบหน้าอันเป็นมงคลของนางก็หาได้ผ่องใสไม่เมื่อปราศจากพระรามา ดุจจันทร์ที่ขึ้นกลางวันซึ่งไร้รัศมี

Word by Word

• राक्षसेन: by the demon
• राक्षसेन: करण (Instrument/Agentive instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग

• समाधूतम्: shaken
• समाधूतम्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-आ-√धू (धातु)
• Form: क्त (PPP), द्वितीया एकवचन नपुंसकलिङ्ग; ‘shaken/whirled’ (qualifies वदनम्)

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया एकवचन नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विशेषण

• वदनम्: face
• वदनम्: कर्म/विषय
• Type: Noun
• Root: वदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• शुभम्: auspicious/beautiful
• शुभम्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विशेषण (of वदनम्)

• शुशुभे: shone
• शुशुभे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शुभ् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• न: not
• न: निषेध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• विना: without
• विना: वियोग (Without)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विना (अव्यय)
• Form: उपपद-अव्यय; द्वितीया-शासन (governs accusative)

• रामम्: Rama
• रामम्: अपादान (Separation sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; ‘विना’ इत्यस्य उपपद

• दिवा: by day
• दिवा: काल (Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दिवा (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय (temporal adverb): ‘by day/in daytime’

• चन्द्रः: moon
• चन्द्रः: उपमान
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; उपमान

• इव: like
• इव: उपमा-सूचक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

• उदितः: risen
• उदितः: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √उद्/√इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त (PPP), प्रथमा एकवचन पुल्लिङ्ग; ‘risen’ (qualifies चन्द्रः)

Context

Shaken up by the demon and deprived of Rama's company, Sita's beautiful face looked like the Moon during daytime without any glow.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāma
• Rākṣasa (Rāvaṇa implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse frames righteous love and fidelity as luminous, while forced separation through adharma diminishes well-being. Dharma is portrayed as the rightful bond (Rāma–Sītā) that sustains inner radiance.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā is being carried away and physically shaken; the narrator stresses how her distress is intensified by separation from Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s unwavering devotion and emotional truthfulness—her face reflects genuine sorrow at unrighteous separation.