Shloka 1

मारीचोपदेश

प्रतिषेधः / Ravana Rejects Maricha’s Counsel and Orders the Golden Deer Deception

Devanagari script

मारीचेन तु तद्वाक्यं क्षमं युक्तं च निशाचरः।उक्तो न प्रतिजग्राह मर्तुकाम इवौषधम्।।3.40.1।।

Transliteration

mārīcena tu tadvākyaṃ kṣamaṃ yuktaṃ ca niśācaraḥ |

ukto na pratijagrāha martukāma ivauṣadham ||

Translation

แม้มาริจะกล่าวถ้อยคำตักเตือนอันสมควรและมีเหตุผล แต่นิศาจร (ทศกัณฐ์) กลับไม่ยอมรับ ดุจคนใฝ่ความตายปฏิเสธโอสถ

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया

• पथ्यहितवक्तारम्: speaker of wholesome and beneficial words
• पथ्यहितवक्तारम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथ्य + हित + वक्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (पथ्यं हितं च वक्ति इति); पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; विशेषण (of मारीचम्)

• मारीचम्: Maricha
• मारीचम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारीच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया

• राक्षसाधिपः: lord of demons
• राक्षसाधिपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस + अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: राक्षसानाम् अधिपः); पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा

• अब्रवीत्: said
• अब्रवीत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past); परस्मैपदम्; तृतीयपुरुष; एकवचन

• परुषम्: harsh
• परुषम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; विशेषण (of वाक्यम्)

• वाक्यम्: speech
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया

• अयुक्तम्: improper
• अयुक्तम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ + युक्त (प्रातिपदिक; युज्-धातोः क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; विशेषण (of वाक्यम्)

• कालचोदितः: impelled by fate/time
• कालचोदितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काल + चोदित (प्रातिपदिक; चुद्-धातोः क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः: कालेन चोदितः); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा; विशेषण (of राक्षसाधिपः)

Context

The demon Ravana did not heed the appropriate advice of the competent Maricha just like a man wishing to die refuses medicine.

Characters & Entities

• Mārīca
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A ruler’s dharma includes listening to truthful, well-judged counsel; rejecting good advice due to obsession or arrogance leads to self-destruction.

What is the narrative situation?

After hearing Mārīca’s prudent warning, Rāvaṇa refuses to accept it, foreshadowing the calamity that follows from abducting Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence (viveka) is highlighted by contrast: Mārīca shows discernment, while Rāvaṇa displays reckless obstinacy.