Shloka 23

अष्टत्रिंशः सर्गः — मारीचोपदेशः

Maricha’s Warning and the Memory of Rama’s Power

Devanagari script

तन्मया वार्यमाणस्त्वं यदि रामेण विग्रहम्।करिष्यस्यापदं घोरां क्षिप्रं प्राप्स्यसि रावण।।3.38.23।।

Transliteration

tan mayā vāryamāṇas tvaṃ yadi rāmeṇa vigraham | kariṣyasy āpadaṃ ghorāṃ kṣipraṃ prāpsyasi rāvaṇa || 3.38.23 ||

Translation

ข้ากำลังห้ามปรามท่านด้วยถ้อยคำนี้; หากท่านยังคิดจะทำศึกกับพระราม โอ้ทศกัณฐ์ ท่านจักประสบมหันตภัยอันน่าสะพรึงโดยเร็ว

Word by Word

• tat: therefore/that
• tat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; here used as discourse particle 'therefore/that being so'

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karana (करण) / Agent-in-passive (कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• vāryamāṇaḥ: being restrained (by me)
• vāryamāṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (of subordinate participial clause)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vṛ (धातु) (वारयति) + vāryamāṇa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि/आत्मनेपदे शानच् (present passive/mediopassive participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; 'being restrained'

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बन्धबोधक-अव्यय (conditional conjunction)

• rāmeṇa: with Rama
• rāmeṇa: Sahakāraka (सहकारक) / Pratiyogin (with whom)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• vigraham: conflict
• vigraham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vigraha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• kariṣyasi: you will do/make
• kariṣyasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• āpadaṃ: calamity
• āpadaṃ: Karma (कर्म) (object of 'prāpsyasi')
• Type: Noun
• Root: āpada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• ghorām: terrible
• ghorām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; adjective qualifying 'āpadaṃ'

• kṣipram: quickly/soon
• kṣipram: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kṣipram (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/शीघ्रतावाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• prāpsyasi: you will attain/meet
• prāpsyasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-āp (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• rāvaṇa: O Ravana
• rāvaṇa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन

Context

You will bring grief and disaster into the lives of demons who are sporting in love and who are in the habit of celebrating community festivals with joy.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Rāvaṇa
• Kabandha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Heeding truthful counsel is part of Dharma; ignoring warning and choosing aggression leads to self-made ruin.

What is the narrative situation?

Kabandha directly warns Rāvaṇa not to wage war with Rāma, predicting swift disaster.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truthful admonition (satya-vacana) and the duty to warn—even an adversary—of the consequences of adharma.