Shloka 3

अरण्यकाण्डे द्वात्रिंशः सर्गः

Śūrpaṇakhā’s Report to Rāvaṇa and the Panegyric of His Might

Devanagari script

सा दृष्ट्वा कर्म रामस्य कृतमन्यैस्सुदुष्करम्।जगाम परमोद्विग्ना लङ्कां रावणपालिताम्।।।।

Transliteration

sā dṛṣṭvā karma rāmasya kṛtam anyaiḥ suduṣkaram | jagāma paramodvignā laṅkāṃ rāvaṇapālitām ||

Translation

ครั้นเห็นกิจของพระราม—อันยากยิ่งที่ผู้อื่นจะกระทำได้—ศูรปณขาผู้หวั่นไหวอย่างยิ่ง จึงไปยังลงกา นครที่ทศกัณฐ์ปกครอง

Word by Word

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)

• karma: deed
• karma: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• rāmasya: of Rāma
• rāmasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• kṛtam: done
• kṛtam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ धातु)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; past passive participle qualifying karma

• anyaiḥ: by others
• anyaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; 'by others'

• su-duṣkaram: very difficult (to do)
• su-duṣkaram: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (अव्यय/पूर्वपद) + duṣkara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; predicate/qualifier of karma: 'very difficult'

• jagāma: went
• jagāma: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (perfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Singular; parasmaipada

• parama-udvignā: extremely frightened/distressed
• parama-udvignā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक) + udvigna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; ud+√vij/√vij? 'to be agitated')
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; कर्मधारयः: 'extremely distressed/agitated' qualifying sā

• laṅkām: to Laṅkā
• laṅkām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: laṅkā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; destination

• rāvaṇa-pālitām: ruled by Rāvaṇa
• rāvaṇa-pālitām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + pālita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √pāl धातु)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः: 'ruled/protected by Rāvaṇa' qualifying laṅkām

Context

Showing her body disfigured by great Lakshmana, Surpanakha, the fearless wanderer, overwhelmed with fear said these cruel words to Ravana sitting with large, glittering eyes:ইত্যার্ষে শ্রীমদ্রামাযণে বাল্মীকীয আদিকাব্যে অরণ্যকাণ্ডে দ্বাত্রিংশস্সর্গঃ৷৷Thus ends the thirtysecond sarga of Aranyakanda of the holy Ramayana the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Śūrpaṇakhā
• Laṅkā
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is implied through the recognition of righteous power: when adharma meets steadfast virtue, it is shaken. The verse highlights how the force of a dhārmic act can deter wrongdoing.

What is the narrative situation?

After being thwarted in the forest, Śūrpaṇakhā witnesses Rāma’s formidable action and, frightened, rushes to Laṅkā to seek Rāvaṇa’s intervention.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s extraordinary capability aligned with dharma—strength used decisively—appears as a deterrent that unsettles aggressors.