Shloka 20

जटायुस्संवादः — Encounter with Jaṭāyu and the Genealogy of Beings

Aranyakanda 14

Devanagari script

चक्रवाकांश्च भद्रं ते विजज्ञे सापि भामिनी।शुकी नतां विजज्ञे तु नताया विनता सुता।।3.14.20।।

Transliteration

cakravākāṃś ca bhadraṃ te vijajñe sāpi bhāminī |

śukī natāṃ vijajñe tu natāyā vinatā sutā ||3.14.20||

Translation

โอ้พระราม ขอความสวัสดีจงมีแด่ท่าน—นาง (ธฤตราษฏรี) ยังให้กำเนิดนกจักรวากะด้วย ศุกีให้กำเนิดนางนตา และจากนตานั้นได้บังเกิดวินตา ธิดาของนาง

Word by Word

• दश: ten
• दश: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दश (संख्या/अव्ययवत्)
• Form: संख्यावाचक (numeral), अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable-like), आत्मसम्भवाः इति विशेष्यस्य संख्या (qualifies 'offspring')

• क्रोधवशा: Krodhavaśā
• क्रोधवशा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध + वश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpurusha; क्रोधस्य वशः), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• राम: O Rama
• राम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• विजज्ञे: gave birth to
• विजज्ञे: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद (Atmanepada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चय (indeed/for)

• आत्मसम्भवाः: offspring born of herself
• आत्मसम्भवाः: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् + सम्भव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpurusha; आत्मनः सम्भवाः), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• मृगीम्: Mṛgī
• मृगीम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृगी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• मृगमन्दाम्: Mṛgamandā
• मृगमन्दाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृग + मन्दा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (Karmadharaya; मृगवत् मन्दा/मृगमन्दा), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• हरीम्: Harī
• हरीम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• भद्रमदाम्: Bhadrāmadā
• भद्रमदाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भद्र + मदा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (Karmadharaya; भद्रा मदा यस्याः/भद्रमदा), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Addition)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also)

• मातङ्गीम्: Mātaṅgī
• मातङ्गीम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातङ्गी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Addition)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also)

• शार्दूलीम्: Śārdūlī
• शार्दूलीम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शार्दूली (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• श्वेताम्: Śvetā
• श्वेताम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वेता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• सुरभिम्: Surabhī
• सुरभिम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरभि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb), समुच्चय/अनुक्रम (likewise)

• सर्वलक्षणसम्पन्नाम्: endowed with all marks/qualities
• सर्वलक्षणसम्पन्नाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + लक्षण + सम्पन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpurusha; सर्वैः लक्षणैः सम्पन्ना), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), सुरसाम् इति विशेषण (adjective of Surasā)

• सुरसाम्: Surasā
• सुरसाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरसा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• कद्रुकाम्: Kadrukā
• कद्रुकाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कद्रुका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Addition)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also)

Context

Dhrutharashtri, a female bird of great lustre gave birth to chakravakas too. Suki gave birth to Nata and from Nata, Vinata was born. Be blessed, O Rama!

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭrī
• cakravāka
• Śukī
• Vinatā
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Benediction joined with truth (satya): knowledge is shared with goodwill (“bhadraṃ te”), aligning learning with benevolent intent.

What is the narrative situation?

The speaker completes Dhṛtarāṣṭrī’s line (including cakravākas) and then traces Śukī’s descendants to Natā and Vinatā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Mangalācaraṇa (benevolent speech): offering blessings while instructing reflects a dharmic mode of teaching.