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Shloka 91

The Arkāṅga Saptamī (Bhāskara Saptamī) Vow: Origin of Sūrya, Pacification of Rays, and Māgha Saptamī Observance

अर्काग्रं ग्रामात्पूर्वोत्तरदिग्गतार्कविटपस्य शाखाग्रस्थितं । विशिष्टं सूक्ष्मपत्रद्वयं सतोयं दन्तैरस्पृष्टं पातव्यं । शुचिगोमयं भूमावपतितं मद्याङ्गुष्ठाभ्यां पलमात्रं दन्तैरस्पृष्टं सतोयं पातव्यम् । सुमरिचमव्रणमपुरातनं स्थूलमवशुष्कमेकं दन्तैरस्पृष्टं सतोयं पातव्यम् । तोयं ब्रह्मपित्रङ्गुलीमूलप्रसरं पातव्यम्फलं खर्जूरनारिकेलानामन्यतमं दंतैरस्पृष्टं पातव्यं घृताक्तमिति चाहारं मयूरडिंभपरिमाणं । घृतमपि तत्परिमाणम्

arkāgraṃ grāmātpūrvottaradiggatārkaviṭapasya śākhāgrasthitaṃ | viśiṣṭaṃ sūkṣmapatradvayaṃ satoyaṃ dantairaspṛṣṭaṃ pātavyaṃ | śucigomayaṃ bhūmāvapatitaṃ madyāṅguṣṭhābhyāṃ palamātraṃ dantairaspṛṣṭaṃ satoyaṃ pātavyam | sumaricamavraṇamapurātanaṃ sthūlamavaśuṣkamekaṃ dantairaspṛṣṭaṃ satoyaṃ pātavyam | toyaṃ brahmapitraṅgulīmūlaprasaraṃ pātavyamphalaṃ kharjūranārikelānāmanyatamaṃ daṃtairaspṛṣṭaṃ pātavyaṃ ghṛtāktamiti cāhāraṃ mayūraḍiṃbhaparimāṇaṃ | ghṛtamapi tatparimāṇam

พึงจิบน้ำหลังจากรับเอาปลายกิ่งอรกะ (Calotropis) ที่อยู่บนกิ่งซึ่งชี้ไปทางทิศตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือจากหมู่บ้าน—คือใบละเอียดสองใบ—โดยไม่ให้ฟันแตะต้อง. พึงจิบน้ำหลังจากรับเอามูลโคอันสะอาดที่ตกอยู่บนพื้น ปริมาณหนึ่งปละ จับไว้ระหว่างนิ้วกลางกับนิ้วหัวแม่มือ โดยไม่ให้ฟันแตะต้อง. พึงจิบน้ำหลังจากรับเอาเม็ดพริกไทยดำดีหนึ่งเม็ด ไม่ช้ำ ไม่เก่า เม็ดใหญ่และแห้งสนิท โดยไม่ให้ฟันแตะต้อง. พึงดื่มน้ำให้ได้ประมาณที่แผ่จากโคนหัวแม่มือถึงโคนชี้ (หนึ่งฝ่ามือ). แล้วพึงจิบน้ำหลังจากรับเอาผลไม้—อินทผลัมหรือมะพร้าวอย่างใดอย่างหนึ่ง—ชโลมด้วยฆี โดยไม่ให้ฟันแตะต้อง; ส่วนอาหารให้มีขนาดเท่าไข่นกยูง และฆีก็เท่าปริมาณนั้นด้วย

arkāgramarka-tip
arkāgram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootarka (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; here as item to be taken (object implied)
grāmātfrom the village
grāmāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootgrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular
pūrva-uttara-dik-gata-arka-viṭapasyaof the arka shrub in the north-east direction
pūrva-uttara-dik-gata-arka-viṭapasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + uttara (प्रातिपदिक) + dik (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (कृदन्त; √gam + क्त) + arka (प्रातिपदिक) + viṭapa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; multi-member tatpuruṣa: (pūrvottaradiggatasyārkaviṭapasya) = of the arka shrub situated in the north-east direction
śākhā-agra-sthitamlocated at the branch-tip
śākhā-agra-sthitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśākhā (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक) + sthita (कृदन्त; √sthā + क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; tatpuruṣa: śākhāgre sthitam (situated at the tip of a branch)
viśiṣṭamdistinct/special
viśiṣṭam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootviśiṣṭa (कृदन्त; vi√śiṣ + क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
sūkṣma-patra-dvayama pair of fine leaves
sūkṣma-patra-dvayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsūkṣma (प्रातिपदिक) + patra (प्रातिपदिक) + dvaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; tatpuruṣa: sūkṣmapatrayoḥ dvayam (a pair of fine leaves)
sa-toyamwith water
sa-toyam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/condition)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (प्रातिपदिक) + toya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; karmadhāraya: satoyam (with water)
dantaiḥwith the teeth
dantaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdanta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural
aspṛṣṭamuntouched
aspṛṣṭam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/condition)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + spṛṣṭa (कृदन्त; √spṛś + क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; negative PPP: not touched
pātavyamshould be drunk
pātavyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Root√pā (धातु) + tavya (कृत्)
FormGerundive/तव्यत्; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; obligation (should be drunk)
śuci-gomayampure cow-dung
śuci-gomayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśuci (प्रातिपदिक) + gomaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
bhūmauon the ground
bhūmau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
apatitamfallen down
apatitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootapa√pat (धातु) + ta (कृत्)
FormPast passive participle (क्त); Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
madhya-aṅguṣṭhābhyāmwith middle finger and thumb
madhya-aṅguṣṭhābhyām:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅguṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Dual; द्वन्द्व: madhyaḥ ca aṅguṣṭhaḥ (with middle finger and thumb)
pala-mātrama pala measure
pala-mātram:
Karma (कर्म/measure)
TypeNoun
Rootpala (प्रातिपदिक) + mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; measure-compound: palamātram (only a pala in quantity)
dantaiḥwith the teeth
dantaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdanta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
aspṛṣṭamuntouched
aspṛṣṭam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (condition)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + spṛṣṭa (कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
sa-toyamwith water
sa-toyam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (condition)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (प्रातिपदिक) + toya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
pātavyamshould be drunk
pātavyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Root√pā (धातु) + tavya (कृत्)
FormGerundive/तव्यत्; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
su-maricamgood pepper
su-maricam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्) + marica (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
a-vraṇamunwounded/unblemished
a-vraṇam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + vraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; negative adjective
a-purātanamnot old (fresh)
a-purātanam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + purātana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
sthūlamlarge/thick
sthūlam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthūla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
a-vaśuṣkamnot dried
a-vaśuṣkam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + vaśuṣka (प्रातिपदिक; from √śuṣ 'dry')
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
ekamone (single)
ekam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
dantaiḥwith the teeth
dantaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdanta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
aspṛṣṭamuntouched
aspṛṣṭam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (condition)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + spṛṣṭa (कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
sa-toyamwith water
sa-toyam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (condition)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (प्रातिपदिक) + toya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
pātavyamshould be drunk
pātavyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Root√pā (धातु) + tavya (कृत्)
FormGerundive/तव्यत्; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
toyamwater
toyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottoya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
brahma-pitṛ-aṅgulī-mūla-prasarama finger-measure (brahma/pitṛ aṅgulī root extent)
brahma-pitṛ-aṅgulī-mūla-prasaram:
Karma (कर्म/measure)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahma (प्रातिपदिक) + pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅgulī (प्रातिपदिक) + mūla (प्रातिपदिक) + prasara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; multi-tatpuruṣa: (brahmapitṛ-aṅgulī-mūla)prasara = extent from the root of the brahma/pitṛ finger (ritual finger-measure)
pātavyamshould be drunk
pātavyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Root√pā (धातु) + tavya (कृत्)
FormGerundive/तव्यत्; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
phalamfruit
phalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
kharjūra-nārikelānāmof dates and coconuts
kharjūra-nārikelānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootkharjūra (प्रातिपदिक) + nārikela (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; द्वन्द्व: kharjūrāḥ ca nārikelāḥ (of dates and coconuts)
anyatamamone of them (either)
anyatamam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanyatama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; superlative-like: 'one of the two/one among' qualifying phalam
dantaiḥwith the teeth
dantaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdanta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
aspṛṣṭamuntouched
aspṛṣṭam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (condition)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + spṛṣṭa (कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
pātavyamshould be drunk
pātavyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Root√pā (धातु) + tavya (कृत्)
FormGerundive/तव्यत्; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
ghṛta-aktamsmeared with ghee
ghṛta-aktam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootghṛta (प्रातिपदिक) + akta (प्रातिपदिक; PPP)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; ghṛtena aktam
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction
āhāramfood intake
āhāram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootāhāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative, Singular (here: item/quantity of food)
mayūra-ḍiṃbha-parimāṇampeacock-egg-sized measure
mayūra-ḍiṃbha-parimāṇam:
Karma (कर्म/measure)
TypeNoun
Rootmayūra (प्रातिपदिक) + ḍiṃbha (प्रातिपदिक) + parimāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; tatpuruṣa: mayūraḍiṃbhasya parimāṇam (measure of a peacock-egg/chick)
ghṛtamghee
ghṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootghṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (also/even)
tat-parimāṇamof that same measure
tat-parimāṇam:
Karma (कर्म/measure)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम) + parimāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; tatpuruṣa: tasya parimāṇam (that same measure)

Unspecified (narrative injunctions in Sṛṣṭikhaṇḍa; likely within the Pulastya–Bhīṣma dialogue context of Padma Purāṇa)

Concept: Śuddhi is enacted through attention: direction, measure, freshness, and non-injury (not biting with teeth) transform ordinary substances into ritual instruments.

Application: Bring mindfulness to small actions—how you take food, speak, and handle resources; precision can be a spiritual practice when joined to intention.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: forest

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A close, almost cinematic ritual scene: the devotee stands at the village’s edge, reaching to a north-east pointing arka branch to pluck two tiny leaves with extreme care, lips closed, teeth untouched. Nearby, a small clean cow-dung pellet is lifted between thumb and middle finger; a single dried peppercorn rests on a leaf; a measured palmful of water glints in a copper cup; and a date or coconut shines with a thin coat of ghee, all arranged with meticulous symmetry.","primary_figures":["a vrata-observer","optional: a priest/ācārya instructing","Sūrya (subtle halo in the sky)"],"setting":"Village-edge path with arka shrub; a small portable altar cloth on the ground; copper cup; minimal, clean ritual implements.","lighting_mood":"golden dawn","color_palette":["pale gold","earth brown","copper orange","leaf green","cream white"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: devotee at the arka shrub in the NE direction, plucking two fine leaves; copper vessel and offerings below; Sūrya above with embossed gold rays; rich red and green borders, gold leaf detailing on vessels and halo, jewel-like highlights, traditional South Indian ornamentation.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: delicate close-up of hands and offerings; fine brushwork showing two tiny arka leaves, a single peppercorn, and a ghee-glossed fruit; soft dawn gradient sky; refined facial profile with calm concentration; gentle naturalism in foliage.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines emphasizing hand gestures (mudrā-like precision); stylized arka plant and copper cup; flat pigments with ochre, red, and green dominance; decorative temple border framing the procedural steps.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: symmetrical offering layout beneath a radiant sun-maṇḍala; lotus borders and floral creepers; peacocks at corners; deep indigo background with gold linework; small labeled compartments for leaf, pepper, water, fruit, and ghee measure."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["soft water sipping","rustling arka leaves","distant village sounds","temple bell (faint)"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: grāmāt-pūrvottara... = grāmāt + pūrvottara...; pātavyamphalam = pātavyam + phalam; nakṣatra prose uses repeated pātavyam with conditions satoyam, dantair aspṛṣṭam. Some compounds are long prose-style tatpuruṣas.

FAQs

It gives prescriptive rules for ritual sipping/drinking of water (ācamana-like purification), specifying items and measurements, and repeatedly emphasizing that the items should not be touched by the teeth.

In purity rules, contact with the teeth can be treated as a form of contamination of what is being taken; the verse stresses a careful, ritually clean mode of taking/sipping.

It emphasizes disciplined bodily conduct and attentiveness in daily religious practice—purity is presented as something maintained through careful, measured actions rather than casual habit.