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Shloka 41

Bharata’s Austerity at Nandigrāma and Rāma’s Sight of Nandigrāma

धन्या सुमित्रा सुतरां वीरसूः स्वपतिप्रिया । यस्यास्तनूजो रामस्य चरणौ सेवतेऽन्वहम्

dhanyā sumitrā sutarāṃ vīrasūḥ svapatipriyā | yasyāstanūjo rāmasya caraṇau sevate'nvaham

สุมิตราเป็นผู้มีบุญยิ่ง—ยิ่งนัก—เป็นมารดาแห่งวีรชนและภักดีต่อสวามี เพราะบุตรของนางเฝ้าปรนนิบัติพระบาทของพระรามทุกวันมิได้ขาด

धन्याfortunate, blessed
धन्या:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootधन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (fem. nom. sg.)
सुमित्राSumitrā
सुमित्रा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुमित्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
सुतराम्exceedingly, very much
सुतराम्:
Visheshana (Adverbial modifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसुतराम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तीव्रार्थक-क्रियाविशेषण (indeclinable adverb: exceedingly/very much)
वीरसूःmother of a hero
वीरसूः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर + सू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वीरस्य सूः = mother of a hero)
स्वपतिप्रियाbeloved of her own husband
स्वपतिप्रिया:
Visheshana (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व + पति + प्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (स्वस्य पतेः प्रिया = dear to her own husband)
यस्याःwhose, of whom
यस्याः:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (of whom/whose)
तनूजःson
तनूजः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतनूज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
रामस्यof Rāma
रामस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
चरणौ(two) feet
चरणौ:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootचरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), द्विवचन
सेवतेserves, attends
सेवते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसेव् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
अन्वहम्every day
अन्वहम्:
Kala-adhikarana (Temporal adverbial/कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्वहम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (indeclinable adverb: every day)

Unspecified (narratorial/praise statement within the chapter context)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सेवतेऽन्वहम् = सेवते + अन्वहम् (अ + अ → ’). यस्यास्तनूजो = यस्याः + तनूजः (विसर्ग-लोप/सन्धि).

S
Sumitrā
R
Rāma

FAQs

Because her son is portrayed as a constant servant of Rāma’s feet—an emblem of sustained devotion (sevā) and dharma—so her motherhood is praised as spiritually fortunate.

It elevates daily, continuous service to the Lord’s feet (caraṇa-sevā) as an ideal expression of devotion, implying that steadfast practice is praiseworthy.

The verse commends loyalty, duty, and humility: the heroism praised is not merely martial valor but disciplined service performed consistently, day after day.