Shloka 69

The Greatness of Hari’s Janmāṣṭamī (Jayantī) Vow

Devanagari script

वसिष्ठ उवाच । चित्रसेनो महाराजा महापापपरो महान् । अगम्यागमनं कृत्वा स्वर्णस्तेयं द्विजस्य च

Transliteration

vasiṣṭha uvāca | citraseno mahārājā mahāpāpaparo mahān | agamyāgamanaṃ kṛtvā svarṇasteyaṃ dvijasya ca

Translation

วสิษฐะกล่าวว่า: “พระเจ้าจิตรเสนะผู้ชั่วช้านัก จมอยู่ในมหาบาป ได้ล่วงละเมิดร่วมประเวณีกับผู้ต้องห้าม และลักทองของพราหมณ์ด้วย”

Word by Word

• वसिष्ठः: Vasiṣṭha
• वसिष्ठः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; proper noun

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: क्रिया (Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• चित्रसेनः: Citrasena
• चित्रसेनः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्रसेन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; proper noun

• महाराजः: great king
• महाराजः: सम्बन्ध/अपादान-निरपेक्ष विशेषण (Appositional)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (महान् राजा); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महापापपरः: addicted to great sin
• महापापपरः: विशेषण (Qualifier of Citrasena)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + पाप (प्रातिपदिक) + पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (महापापे परः/महापापपरः ‘devoted to great sin’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महान्: great
• महान्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; irregular stem महत्

• अगम्यागमनम्: forbidden intercourse/approach
• अगम्यागमनम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अगम्य (गम् धातु, यत्-कृदन्त) + आगमन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (अगम्यं आगमनम् ‘going to the unapproachable/forbidden’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कृत्वा: having done
• कृत्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having done’

• स्वर्णस्तेयम्: theft of gold
• स्वर्णस्तेयम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + स्तेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (स्वर्णस्य स्तेयम् ‘theft of gold’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• द्विजस्य: of a Brahmin
• द्विजस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; Genitive singular

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

Speaker

Vasiṣṭha

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: अगम्यागमनम् = अगम्य + आगमनम्; स्वर्णस्तेयम् = स्वर्ण + स्तेयम्.

Characters & Entities

• Vasiṣṭha
• Citrasena
• Dvija (brāhmaṇa)

FAQs

What are the two major transgressions named in this verse?

It names (1) agamyāgamana—sexual relations with someone forbidden by dharma, and (2) svarṇasteya—the theft of gold belonging to a dvija (brāhmaṇa).

Who is speaking and who is being described?

The speaker is the sage Vasiṣṭha, and he is describing King Citrasena as deeply involved in grave wrongdoing.

What ethical lesson does this verse convey in the Padma Purana context?

It underscores dharmic boundaries in sexuality and the seriousness of stealing—especially from a brāhmaṇa—framing such acts as “great sins” with moral and karmic weight.