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Shloka 29

दमयन्त्या वणिजां सार्थगमनम्, हस्तियूथविप्लवः, चेदिराजपुरप्रवेशश्च

Damayantī joins a caravan; elephant-herd catastrophe; entry into Cedi

नष्टात्मा कलिना स्पृष्टस्तत्‌ तद्‌ विगणयन्‌ नृपः । जगामैकां वने शून्ये भार्यामुत्सृज्य दु:खित:,कलियुगके स्पर्शसे उनकी बुद्धि भ्रष्ट हो गयी थी; अतः वे अत्यन्त दुःखी हो विभिन्न बातोंका विचार करते हुए उस सूने वनमें अपनी पत्नीको अकेली छोड़कर चल दिये

bṛhadaśva uvāca |

naṣṭātmā kalinā spṛṣṭas tat tad vigaṇayan nṛpaḥ |

jagāmaikāṃ vane śūnye bhāryām utsṛjya duḥkhitaḥ ||

เมื่อถูกกาลีแตะต้อง ความยับยั้งชั่งใจและดุลยพินิจของพระราชาก็พินาศ ด้วยความทุกข์ระทมและครุ่นคิดสารพัด พระองค์จึงละทิ้งพระชายา แล้วเสด็จไปเพียงลำพังสู่ป่าร้างอันเวิ้งว้าง

नष्टात्माone whose mind/self is ruined
नष्टात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्ट-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कलिनाby Kali (the evil age/personified Kali)
कलिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकलि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
स्पृष्टःtouched/afflicted
स्पृष्टः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that (and that), various matters
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विगणयन्considering, reflecting upon
विगणयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-गणय् (गणयति)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपःthe king
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जगामwent
जगाम:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
एकाम्alone, solitary (fem.)
एकाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शून्येdeserted, empty
शून्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootशून्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भार्याम्wife
भार्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned/left behind
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-सृज्
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
दुःखितःsorrowful
दुःखितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

बृहदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
K
Kali
T
the king (Nala)
W
wife (Damayantī)
F
forest

Educational Q&A

When one is overpowered by Kali—symbolizing vice, discord, and loss of discernment—self-mastery collapses and adharma-like actions follow. The verse highlights the ethical danger of a mind clouded by destructive influences: grief and confusion can drive a person to betray duties, even toward one’s spouse.

In Bṛhadaśva’s narration of Nala’s story, the king—his mind corrupted by Kali—wanders in a deserted forest. In his distress and confused deliberation, he leaves his wife behind and goes away alone, marking a tragic turning point in their ordeal.