Shloka 40
Mārkaṇḍeya’s Consolation to the King: Exempla of Rāma and the Efficacy of Allies (मार्कण्डेयाश्वासनम्)
रावयामास लोकान् यत् तस्माद्रावण उच्यते । दशग्रीव: कामबलो देवानां भयमादधत्,उसने सम्पूर्ण लोकोंको रुला दिया था; इसलिये वह रावण कहलाता है। दशाननका बल उसके इच्छानुसार बढ़ जाता था; अतः वह सदा देवताओंको भयभीत किये रहता था
rāvayāmāsa lokān yat tasmād rāvaṇa ucyate | daśagrīvaḥ kāmabalo devānāṃ bhayam ādadhat |
เพราะเขาทำให้โลกทั้งหลายร่ำไห้ จึงได้ชื่อว่า ‘ราวณะ’ ทศกรีวะผู้นั้น มีกำลังเพิ่มพูนได้ตามปรารถนา และยังคงทำให้เหล่าเทพหวาดหวั่นอยู่เนืองนิตย์
मार्कण्डेय उवाच
Educational Q&A
Power that expands according to personal desire (kāma) and is not restrained by dharma tends to produce widespread suffering and fear; such dominance becomes ethically condemnable and destabilizes the moral order.
Mārkaṇḍeya explains the epithet ‘Rāvaṇa’ by wordplay/etymology: he is so called because he made the worlds cry. He further characterizes him as ‘Daśagrīva,’ whose strength increased at will, and who continually terrified the gods.