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Shloka 223

Dvaītavana: Brahmaghoṣa, Rṣi-saṅgha, and Baka Dālbhyā’s Upadeśa to Yudhiṣṭhira

तं॑ ते वनगतं दृष्टवा कस्मान्मन्युर्न वर्धते । विविध सवारियाँ और नाना प्रकारके वस्त्रोंस जिनका सत्कार होता था, उन्हीं भीमसेनको वनमें कष्ट उठाते देख शत्रुओंके प्रति आपका क्रोध प्रज्वलित क्‍यों नहीं होता?

taṁ te vanagataṁ dṛṣṭvā kasmān manyur na vardhate |

เมื่อเห็นภีมเสนะ—ผู้เคยได้รับการยกย่องด้วยบริวารและพาหนะนานา และสวมอาภรณ์อันวิจิตร—บัดนี้อยู่ในป่าแบกความลำบาก เหตุใดพระพิโรธต่อศัตรูจึงไม่ลุกโชนและเพิ่มพูน?

तम्him/that (person)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेof you/your
ते:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
वनगतम्gone to the forest; in the forest
वनगतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवनगत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
कस्मात्from what cause? why?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Form—, Ablative, Singular
मन्युःanger/wrath
मन्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वर्धतेincreases/grows
वर्धते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent (Lat), Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhīmasena
V
vana (forest)
Ś
śatravaḥ (enemies)

Educational Q&A

The verse probes the ethical role of manyu (righteous indignation): when a noble person is unjustly reduced to suffering, a kṣatriya’s duty includes allowing justified anger to arise as moral energy for protecting dharma and resisting wrongdoing—without lapsing into blind rage.

Vaiśampāyana describes Bhīma’s fall from royal honor to forest hardship during exile and challenges the listener (implicitly a concerned ally/elder in the narration) about why their anger toward the Pandavas’ enemies does not intensify upon witnessing Bhīma’s suffering.