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Shloka 1

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय ९३: कृष्णस्य धृतराष्ट्रोपदेशः

Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel to Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Assembly

इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत उद्योगपर्वके अन्तर्गत भगवद्यानपर्वनें श्रीकृष्णवाक्यविषयक तिरानबेवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ ॥/ ९३ ॥। [दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठका १ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल २३ “लोक हैं।] अपन क्ाा बछ। अर: 2 चतुर्नवतितमो< ध्याय: दुर्योधन एवं शकुनिके द्वारा बुलाये जानेपर भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णका रथपर बैठकर प्रस्थान एवं कौरवसभामें प्रवेश और स्वागतके पश्चात्‌ आसनग्रहण वैशम्पायन उवाच तथा कथयतोरेव तयोरबुद्धिमतोस्तदा । शिवा नक्षत्रसम्पन्ना सा व्यतीयाय शर्वरी

vaiśampāyana uvāca | tathā kathayator eva tayor buddhimatōs tadā | śivā nakṣatra-sampannā sā vyatīyāya śarvarī ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า โอ้ชนเมชยะ! ขณะนั้นผู้ทรงปัญญาทั้งสอง—ศรีกฤษณะและวิทุระ—ยังสนทนากันดังนี้อยู่ ราตรีอันเป็นมงคลซึ่งประดับด้วยหมู่ดาวก็ล่วงไปเป็นส่วนใหญ่แล้ว

तेषुamong them / in those (kings)
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
आसीनेषुwhile seated
आसीनेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootआस् (धातु) → आसीन (कृदन्त)
Formmasculine, locative, plural
सर्वेषुin all (of them)
सर्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
तूष्णीम्silently
तूष्णीम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूष्णीम्
भूतेषुhaving become (i.e., being)
भूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootभू (धातु) → भूत (कृदन्त)
Formmasculine, locative, plural
राजसुamong the kings
राजसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, locative, plural
वाक्यम्speech / words
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अभ्याददेspoke / uttered / addressed
अभ्याददे:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) with अभि-आ- (अभ्यादद्)
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
कृष्णःKrishna
कृष्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सुदंष्ट्रःhaving fine teeth (handsome-toothed)
सुदंष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-दंष्ट्र
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
दुन्दुभिस्वनःwhose sound is like a drum (drum-voiced)
दुन्दुभिस्वनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुन्दुभि-स्वन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janamejaya
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
V
Vidura
N
night (śarvarī)
S
stars (nakṣatrāṇi)

Educational Q&A

Wise counsel and ethical deliberation precede decisive action; the text highlights that dharmic diplomacy is grounded in thoughtful dialogue, and even narrative details like an ‘auspicious, star-filled night’ underscore a moral atmosphere of hope before impending conflict.

Vaiśampāyana tells Janamejaya that as Kṛṣṇa and Vidura continue their discussion, the night passes. This functions as a transition from private counsel to the next phase of events in Kṛṣṇa’s diplomatic mission.