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Shloka 39

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 72 — Bhīmasena’s counsel on conciliation and Duryodhana’s disposition

मृगा: शकुन्ताश्न वदन्ति घोरं हस्त्यश्वमुख्येषु निशामुखेषु । घोराणि रूपाणि तथैव चाग्नि- वर्णान्‌ बहून्‌ पुष्यति घोररूपान्‌,मृग (पशु) और पक्षी भयंकर शब्द कर रहे हैं। प्रदोषकालमें प्रमुख हाथियों और घोड़ोंके समुदायमें बड़ी भयानक आकृतियाँ प्रकट होती हैं। इसी प्रकार अग्निदेव भी नाना प्रकारके भयजनक वर्णों (रंगों)-को धारण करते हैं

mṛgāḥ śakuntāś ca vadanti ghoraṁ hasty-aśva-mukhyeṣu niśā-mukheṣu | ghorāṇi rūpāṇi tathaiva cāgni-varṇān bahūn puṣyati ghora-rūpān ||

สัตว์ป่าและนกทั้งหลายส่งเสียงอันน่าสะพรึงกลัว ครั้นยามสนธยาเริ่มคล้อย ท่ามกลางหมู่ช้างและม้าชั้นยอดกลับปรากฏเงารูปอันน่าหวาดผวา อีกทั้งเปลวไฟเองก็แปรเปลี่ยนเป็นสีสันอัปมงคลนานาประการ แสดงรูปอันน่ากลัว

मृगाःdeer/animals
मृगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शकुन्ताःbirds
शकुन्ताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुन्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वदन्तिutter/speak
वदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
घोरम्terrible (sound/cry)
घोरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हस्तिelephant
हस्ति:
TypeNoun
Rootहस्ति
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), —
अश्वhorse
अश्व:
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), —
मुख्येषुamong the chief/foremost
मुख्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
निशामुखेषुat the beginnings of the night
निशामुखेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशामुख
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
घोराणिterrible
घोराणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
रूपाणिforms/appearances
रूपाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अग्निवर्णान्fire-like colors/hues
अग्निवर्णान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्निवर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बहून्many
बहून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुष्यतिdisplays/assumes (lit. nourishes)
पुष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootपुष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
घोररूपान्terrible forms
घोररूपान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootघोररूप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
M
mṛga (animals)
Ś
śakunta (birds)
H
hasti (elephants)
A
aśva (horses)
A
Agni (fire)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how a righteous ruler reads the moral atmosphere of events: widespread fear and disorder in nature are taken as warnings that adharma and impending violence bring collective disturbance. It frames war not as glory but as a calamity whose approach is sensed through ominous signs.

In Udyoga Parva, as the Kurukṣetra conflict draws near, Yudhiṣṭhira observes (or hears reported) inauspicious portents—terrifying cries of animals and birds, strange fearful appearances among elephants and horses at nightfall, and fire showing ominous colors—interpreting them as forebodings of disaster.