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Shloka 25

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Pramāda as Mṛtyu

Chapter 42

अपस्मारश्नातिवादस्तथा सम्भावना55त्मनि । एतैविंमुक्तो दोषैर्य: स दान्त: सद्धिरुच्यते

apasmāraś cātivādas tathā sambhāvanā ātmani | etair vimukto doṣair yaḥ sa dāntaḥ sādubhir ucyate ||

สันตสุชาตะสอนว่า “ความหลงลืมสติ/ความสับสนในใจ การพูดโต้เถียงเกินประมาณ และความทะนงตน—ผู้ใดหลุดพ้นจากมลทินเหล่านี้ ผู้นั้นแลที่สัตบุรุษเรียกว่า ‘ทานตะ’ ผู้สำรวมตน”

अपस्मारःforgetfulness/mental lapse
अपस्मारः:
TypeNoun
Rootअपस्मार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नातिवादःnot speaking excessively (absence of over-argument)
नातिवादः:
TypeNoun
Rootनातिवाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाand/also; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सम्भावनाself-conceit/overestimation (lit. high opinion)
सम्भावना:
TypeNoun
Rootसम्भावना
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मनिin oneself
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
विमुक्तःfreed/released
विमुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-मुच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दोषैःby faults; from faults (as the things removed)
दोषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दान्तःself-controlled; disciplined
दान्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सद्भिःby the good (people)
सद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
उच्यतेis said/called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Passive

सनत्युजात उवाच

Educational Q&A

Self-mastery is defined by freedom from key inner faults—bewilderment of mind, quarrelsome/excessive speech, and self-conceit. Such freedom is what the virtuous recognize as true discipline (dānta).

In Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs Dhṛtarāṣṭra on dharma and inner governance as the Kurukṣetra conflict approaches, emphasizing moral restraint and mental clarity as prerequisites for wise action.