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Shloka 44

उद्योगपर्व — विदुरनीतिः (Adhyāya 37): आयुःक्षयहेतवः, नीतिसूत्राणि, बलभेदाः, पाण्डव-विग्रहदोषदर्शनम्

प्रयोजनेषु ये सक्ता न विशेषेषु भारत । तानहं पण्डितान्‌ मन्ये विशेषा हि प्रसज्धिन:,भारत! जो लोग जितना आवश्यक है, उतने ही काममें लगे रहते हैं, अधिकमें हाथ नहीं डालते, उन्हें मैं पण्डित मानता हूँ; क्योंकि अधिकमें हाथ डालना संघर्षका कारण होता है

prayojaneṣu ye saktā na viśeṣeṣu bhārata | tān ahaṃ paṇḍitān manye viśeṣā hi prasaṅginaḥ ||

โอ ภารตะ! เราถือว่าผู้ที่มุ่งทำแต่สิ่งจำเป็น และไม่ก้าวล่วงไปเกินควรนั้นเป็นบัณฑิตแท้; เพราะความเกินเลยย่อมนำไปสู่ความพัวพันและความขัดแย้งโดยหลีกเลี่ยงมิได้

प्रयोजनेषुin necessities/purposes
प्रयोजनेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रयोजन
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सक्ताःattached/engaged
सक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशेषेषुin special matters/excesses
विशेषेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
पण्डितान्wise men/learned persons
पण्डितान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मन्येI consider/think
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada
विशेषाःspecial pursuits/excesses
विशेषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
प्रसज्धिनःcauses of entanglement/strife
प्रसज्धिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रसज्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
B
Bhārata (addressed person; traditionally Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

Wisdom lies in measured action: engage only in what is truly necessary (prayojana) and avoid overreach (viśeṣa), because unnecessary additions create entanglement, friction, and conflict.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers moral and political counsel to the Kuru king (addressed as Bhārata, commonly understood as Dhṛtarāṣṭra), warning that needless interference and excess ambition breed disputes—an admonition especially relevant as tensions move toward war.