Shloka 58

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 34 — Vidura’s Counsel on Deliberation, Speech-Discipline, and Dharmic Kingship

Devanagari script

न सा सभा यत्र न सन्ति वृद्धा नते वृद्धा ये न वदन्ति धर्मम्‌ नासौ धर्मों यत्र न सत्यमस्ति न तत्‌ सत्यं यच्छलेना भ्युपेतम्‌

Translation

ที่ใดไร้ผู้เฒ่าผู้ใหญ่ ที่นั่นไม่ชื่อว่าสภา; และผู้ใดไม่กล่าวธรรม ผู้นั้นก็มิใช่ผู้ใหญ่ ที่ใดไร้ความสัตย์ ที่นั่นไม่ชื่อว่าธรรม; และสิ่งใดได้มาด้วยเล่ห์กล สิ่งนั้นไม่ใช่ความสัตย์

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• सा: that
• सा: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सभा: assembly
• सभा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सभा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• सन्ति: are
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• वृद्धाः: elders
• वृद्धाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वृद्धाः: elders
• वृद्धाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ये: who
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• वदन्ति: speak
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• धर्मम्: dharma, righteousness
• धर्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• असौ: that (yonder)
• असौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: असद्/अदस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मः: dharma
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• सत्यम्: truth
• सत्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अस्ति: is
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सत्यम्: truth
• सत्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• यत्: which/that which
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• छलेन: by deceit
• छलेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: छल
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• अभ्युपेतम्: accepted/undertaken
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-उप-इ
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

Speaker

विदुर उवाच