Shloka 65

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

Devanagari script

बन्धुरात्मा55त्मनस्तस्य येनैवात्मा55त्मना जित: । स एव नियतो बन्धु: स एवानियतो रिपु:

Transliteration

bandhur ātmā ātmanas tasya yenaivātmā ātmanā jitaḥ | sa eva niyato bandhuḥ sa evāniyato ripuḥ ||

Translation

ผู้ใดฝึกตนจนชนะตนเองได้ ตนของผู้นั้นย่อมเป็นมิตรแท้; แต่ตนเดียวกันนั้น หากปล่อยให้ไร้การกำกับ ก็กลับเป็นศัตรู พาไปสู่ความพินาศ

Word by Word

• बन्धुः: friend/kinsman
• बन्धुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आत्मा: self
• आत्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आत्मनः: of the self
• आत्मनः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तस्य: of him/for him
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• येन: by which/with whom
• येन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• एव: indeed/only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• आत्मा: self
• आत्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आत्मना: by the self
• आत्मना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• जितः: conquered
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि
• Form: Past Passive Participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he/that
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• एव: indeed/only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• नियतः: controlled/regulated
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• बन्धुः: friend
• बन्धुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he/that
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• एव: indeed/only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अनियतः: uncontrolled/unrestrained
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनियत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• रिपुः: enemy
• रिपुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रिपु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura
• Ātman (the self)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that inner discipline determines one’s fate: a controlled self becomes one’s closest ally, while an uncontrolled self becomes one’s enemy by leading to harmful choices.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Vidura’s counsel during the Udyoga Parva, he offers ethical instruction aimed at restraining destructive impulses and guiding right conduct amid the escalating conflict.