Shloka 87
Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition
षडेते हावमन्यन्ते नित्यं पूर्वोपकारिणम् । आचार्य शिक्षिता: शिष्या: कृतदाराश्ष मातरम्,ये छ: प्रायः सदा अपने पूर्व उपकारीका सम्मान नहीं करते हैं--शिक्षा समाप्त हो जानेपर शिष्य आचार्यका, विवाहित बेटे माताका, कामवासनाकी शान्ति हो जानेपर पुरुष स्त्रीका, कृतकार्य मनुष्य सहायकका, नदीकी दुर्गम धारा पार कर लेनेवाले पुरुष नावका तथा रोगी पुरुष रोग छूटनेके बाद वैद्यका
ṣaḍ ete hāvamanyante nityaṁ pūrvopakāriṇam | ācārya-śikṣitāḥ śiṣyāḥ kṛta-dārāś ca mātaram ||
วิฑูรกล่าวว่า—คนหกจำพวกมักดูหมิ่นผู้เคยมีพระคุณแก่ตน: ศิษย์เมื่อเรียนจบแล้วดูหมิ่นอาจารย์; และบุตรเมื่อแต่งงานตั้งเรือนแล้วละเลยมารดา.
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The core teaching is kṛtajñatā (gratitude): one must not dishonor those who previously helped—especially teachers and parents—merely because one has become independent. Forgetting benefactors is presented as a common but blameworthy human tendency opposed to dharma.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers moral counsel (nīti) in the tense lead-up to war. Here he illustrates a general ethical pattern by listing types of people who often neglect earlier benefactors, warning against such ingratitude as a sign of moral decline.