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Shloka 85

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

प्रमदा: कामयानेषु यजमानेषु याजका: । राजा विवदमानेषु नित्यं॑ मूर्खेषु पण्डिता:

pramadāḥ kāmayāneṣu yajamāneṣu yājakāḥ | rājā vivadamāneṣu nityaṁ mūrkheṣu paṇḍitāḥ ||

วิฑูรกล่าวว่า—ในหมู่ผู้ถูกกามขับเคลื่อน ย่อมมีสตรี; ในหมู่ผู้ประกอบยัญ ย่อมมีพราหมณ์ผู้ประกอบพิธี; ท่ามกลางผู้วิวาท ย่อมมีพระราชา; และท่ามกลางคนเขลา ย่อมมีบัณฑิตอยู่เป็นนิตย์.

प्रमदाःwomen
प्रमदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमदा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कामयानेषुamong the lustful/desirous men
कामयानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकामयान
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
यजमानेषुamong sacrificers (patrons of sacrifice)
यजमानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयजमान
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
याजकाःpriests/officiants
याजकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयाजक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजाa king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विवदमानेषुamong those who are disputing/quarrelling
विवदमानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविवदमान
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
मूर्खेषुamong fools
मूर्खेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्ख
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
पण्डिताःlearned men/wise people
पण्डिताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
king (rājā)
P
priests (yājakāḥ)
S
sacrificers (yajamāna)
L
learned men (paṇḍita)
F
fools (mūrkha)
W
women (pramadā)

Educational Q&A

Certain tendencies and social functions repeatedly cluster: desire attracts the company of women, sacrifice attracts priests, disputes draw in rulers, and folly inevitably becomes the field where the wise must work. The ethical point is that wisdom and governance are tested amid conflict and ignorance, so one should be vigilant about the company and situations one enters.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura is offering counsel marked by sharp observations about conduct and society. This verse functions as a compact ‘nīti’ statement, describing predictable human and institutional patterns relevant to political negotiation and the management of conflict.