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Shloka 77

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

पज्चेन्द्रियस्य मर्त्यस्यच्छिद्रं चेदेकमिन्द्रियम्‌ । ततोडस्य ख्रवति प्रज्ञा दृते: पात्रादिवोदकम्‌,पाँच ज्ञानेन्द्रियोंवाले पुछुषकी यदि एक भी इन्द्रिय छिद्र (दोष)-युक्त हो जाय तो उससे उसकी बुद्धि इस प्रकार बाहर निकल जाती है, जैसे मशकके छेदसे पानी

pañcendriyasya martyasya cchidraṃ ced ekam indriyam | tato 'sya sravati prajñā dhṛteḥ pātrād ivodakam ||

วิฑูรกล่าวว่า—ในมนุษย์ผู้มีอินทรีย์ทั้งห้า หากอินทรีย์เพียงอย่างเดียวเกิดรอยรั่วเป็นโทษแล้ว ปัญญาของเขาย่อมรั่วไหลออกทางนั้น ดุจน้ำไหลออกจากภาชนะที่มีรอยแตก

पञ्चेन्द्रियस्यof the five-sensed (being)
पञ्चेन्द्रियस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चेन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
मर्त्यस्यof a mortal (man)
मर्त्यस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
छिद्रम्a hole/defect
छिद्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootछिद्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
एकम्one (single)
एकम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इन्द्रियम्sense-organ
इन्द्रियम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ततःfrom that; thence
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अस्यof him/of this (person)
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
स्रवतिflows out; leaks
स्रवति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्रु
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रज्ञाintelligence; understanding
प्रज्ञा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रज्ञा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धृतःof one who holds/has held; of the restrained (person)
धृतः:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Genitive, Singular
पात्रात्from a vessel
पात्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपात्र
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
इवlike; as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उदकम्water
उदकम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउदक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
F
five senses (pañcendriya)
V
vessel/container (pātra)
W
water (udaka)

Educational Q&A

Even a single unchecked or corrupted sense can undermine a person’s discernment and steadiness; therefore, ethical life requires vigilant restraint and guarding of the senses.

Vidura is delivering moral counsel (nīti) in the Udyoga Parva, warning that a flaw in any one of the senses becomes a channel through which wisdom and self-control drain away, illustrated by the metaphor of water leaking from a cracked vessel.