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Shloka 60

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

द्वावम्भसि निवेष्टव्यौ गले बद्ध्वा दृढां शिलाम्‌ | धनवन्तमदातारं दरिद्रंं चातपस्विनम्‌,जो धनी होनेपर भी दान न दे और दरिद्र होनेपर भी कष्ट सहन न कर सके--इन दो प्रकारके मनुष्योंको गलेमें मजबूत पत्थर बाँधकर पानीमें डुबा देना चाहिये

dvāv ambhasi niveṣṭavyau gale baddhvā dṛḍhāṁ śilām | dhanavantaṁ adātāraṁ daridraṁ cātapasvinam ||

คนสองจำพวกควรถูกผูกศิลาหนักไว้ที่คอแล้วถ่วงลงน้ำ—ผู้มั่งมีแต่ไม่ยอมให้ทาน และผู้ยากจนแต่ไม่อาจอดทนต่อความลำบากดุจการบำเพ็ญตบะได้।

द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अम्भसिin water
अम्भसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअम्भस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
निवेष्टव्यौshould be immersed/drowned
निवेष्टव्यौ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विश्
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Passive (obligative), Masculine, Nominative, Dual
गलेon/at the neck
गले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
बद्ध्वाhaving tied
बद्ध्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootबन्ध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active, Non-finite
दृढाम्firm/strong
दृढाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शिलाम्stone/rock
शिलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
धनवन्तम्a wealthy (person)
धनवन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधनवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अदातारम्non-giver; one who does not give
अदातारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअ-दा-तृ (from √दा)
Formतृच् (agent noun), अ-, Masculine, Accusative, Singular
दरिद्रम्a poor (person)
दरिद्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदरिद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतपस्विनम्not enduring hardship; not ascetic
अतपस्विनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-तपस्विन्
Formअ-, Masculine, Accusative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
W
water (ambhas)
S
stone (śilā)

Educational Q&A

Dharma demands that wealth be matched by generosity (dāna) and poverty be met with endurance and disciplined restraint (tapas). Failing in either—stinginess in prosperity or lack of fortitude in hardship—undermines moral order and personal worth.

In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-setting, Vidura speaks in the mode of nīti (ethical-political instruction), using a sharp metaphor of punishment to condemn two socially harmful dispositions: the rich who hoard and the poor who cannot bear necessary hardship.