Shloka 23

जानन्त्येतत्‌ कुरव: सर्व एव ये चाप्यन्ये भूमिपाला: समेता: । दुर्योधने राज्यमिहाभवद्‌ यथा अरिंदमे फाल्गुने विद्यमाने,समस्त कौरव तथा वहाँ एकत्र हुए अन्य भूपाल भी इस बातको जानते हैं कि शत्रुदमन अर्जुनके उपस्थित रहते हुए दुर्योधनने किस उपायसे पाण्डवोंका राज्य प्राप्त किया (अर्थात्‌ उन्होंने अपनी वीरतासे नहीं, अपितु छलपूर्वक जूएके द्वारा ही हमारा राज्य लिया)

sañjaya uvāca |

jānanti etat kuravaḥ sarva eva ye cāpy anye bhūmipālāḥ sametāḥ |

duryodhane rājyam ihābhavad yathā arindame phālgune vidyamāne ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า—เหล่ากุรุทั้งปวง และบรรดากษัตริย์อื่นที่มาชุมนุม ณ ที่นั้น ต่างรู้กันว่า แม้ฟาลคุนะ (อรชุน) ผู้ปราบศัตรูจะอยู่ต่อหน้า ทุรโยธนะก็ได้ครอบครองราชอาณาจักรนี้มาอย่างไร—มิใช่ด้วยเดชกล้าในศึกเปิดเผย หากด้วยเล่ห์กลแห่งการเล่นสกาที่ปลดเปลื้องสิทธิของปาณฑพ.

जानन्तिknow
जानन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (जानाति)
FormLat (Present), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
एतत्this (fact)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुरवःthe Kurus
कुरवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अन्येother
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भूमिपालाःkings (protectors of the earth)
भूमिपालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिपाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समेताःassembled
समेताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-इ (समेत)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
दुर्योधनेin/with regard to Duryodhana
दुर्योधने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राज्यम्kingdom
राज्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इहhere/in this matter
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
अभवत्became/was obtained
अभवत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormLan (Imperfect), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाhow/as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अरिंदमेO subduer of foes
अरिंदमे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootअरिंदम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
फाल्गुनेwhen Phalguna (Arjuna) was present
फाल्गुने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विद्यमानेbeing present/existing
विद्यमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्यमान (विद् + यमान)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kuravaḥ (Kurus/Kauravas)
B
Bhūmipālāḥ (assembled kings)
D
Duryodhana
P
Phālguna (Arjuna)
P
Pāṇḍavas (implied by context of lost kingdom)

Educational Q&A

Political power lacking righteous acquisition is morally compromised. The verse underscores that the wider royal assembly knows Duryodhana’s sovereignty arose not from heroic merit but from deceitful dispossession, highlighting the ethical fault-line that drives the conflict.

Sañjaya reports a widely acknowledged fact among the Kurus and other kings: despite Arjuna’s presence and prowess, Duryodhana came to hold the kingdom through a stratagem (the dice-game episode), not through fair martial victory—setting the stage for the ensuing confrontation.