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Shloka 14

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय २५: संजयदूतवाक्यम्

Sañjaya’s Envoy-Speech on Peace

मानध्नस्यासौ मानकामस्य चेर्षो: संरम्भिणक्षार्थधर्मातिगस्य । दुर्भाषिणो मन्युवशानुगस्य कामात्मनो दौहदैर्भावितस्य,संजय! दूसरोंका मान मिटाकर अपना मान चाहनेवाले, ईर्ष्यालु, क्रोधी, अर्थ और धर्मका उल्लंघन करनेवाले, कटुवचन बोलनेवाले, क्रोध और दीनताके वशवर्ती, कामात्मा (भोगासक्त), पापियोंसे प्रशंसित, शिक्षा देनेके अयोग्य, भाग्यहीन, अधिक क्रोधी, मित्रद्रोही तथा पापबुद्धि पुत्र दुर्योधनका प्रिय चाहनेवाले राजा धृतराष्ट्रने समझते हुए भी धर्म और कामका परित्याग किया है

sañjaya uvāca | mānadhnasya asau mānakāmasya ca īrṣoḥ saṃrambhiṇaḥ artha-dharma-ātigasya | durbhāṣiṇaḥ manyu-vaśānugasya kāmātmano dauhadaiḥ bhāvitasya ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า—“เขาผู้นั้นเป็นคนทำลายเกียรติของผู้อื่นเพื่อแสวงเกียรติให้ตนเอง; อิจฉาริษยา โกรธง่าย และหุนหัน; ล่วงละเมิดทั้งประโยชน์และธรรม; วาจาหยาบคาย; ตกอยู่ใต้อำนาจโทสะ; เป็นทาสแห่งกาม; และจิตถูกหล่อหลอมด้วยความใคร่ส่วนตน” ด้วยการถือว่าทุรโยธนะผู้เป็นเช่นนั้นเป็นที่รัก พระเจ้าธฤตราษฏระจึงละทิ้งธรรม ทั้งที่รู้ชัดอยู่แล้ว

मानध्नस्यof the honor-destroyer
मानध्नस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootमानध्न (मान + ध्न)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
असौthis (man)
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/असौ (pronoun stem)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मानकामस्यof one desiring (his own) honor
मानकामस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootमानकाम (मान + काम)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ईर्षोःof the envious one
ईर्षोः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootईर्षु (adj. stem)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
संरम्भिणःof the impetuous/irascible one
संरम्भिणः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootसंरम्भिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
क्षार्थधर्मातिगस्यof one who transgresses artha and dharma
क्षार्थधर्मातिगस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्थधर्मातिग (अर्थ + धर्म + अतिग)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
दुर्भाषिणःof the harsh-speaker
दुर्भाषिणः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्भाषिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मन्युवशानुगस्यof one who follows the sway of anger
मन्युवशानुगस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्युवशानुग (मन्यु + वश + अनुग)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कामात्मनःof the pleasure-driven one
कामात्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootकामात्मन् (काम + आत्मन्)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
दौहदैःby cravings/longings
दौहदैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदौहद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
भावितस्यof one impelled/affected
भावितस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootभावित (ppp of √भू/√भावय्)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

The verse warns that craving for honour, jealousy, and anger lead to transgressing both artha and dharma; when a ruler becomes attached to pleasing a morally compromised heir, even clear understanding fails to prevent abandonment of righteousness.

Sañjaya is reporting and morally evaluating the situation at the Kuru court: he depicts the flawed disposition associated with Duryodhana and implies how Dhṛtarāṣṭra, despite knowing the right course, is pulled away from dharma by attachment to his son’s wishes.