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Shloka 13

अध्याय 24 — संजयस्य शमोपदेशः

Sanjaya’s Counsel Toward Conciliation

कथं हि नीचा इव दौष्कुलेया निर्धर्मार्थ कर्म कुर्युश्न पार्था: । सोऊहं प्रसाद्य प्रणतो वासुदेवं पज्चालानामधिपं चैव वृद्धम्‌

sañjaya uvāca |

kathaṁ hi nīcā iva dauṣkuleyā nirdharmārtha karma kuryuś ca pārthāḥ |

so ’haṁ prasādya praṇato vāsudevaṁ pāñcālānām adhipaṁ caiva vṛddham ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า “บุตรแห่งปฤถาจะกระทำการอันน่าติเตียน—ดุจคนต่ำต้อยกำเนิดเลว—ซึ่งไม่ก่อให้เกิดธรรมะและไม่ให้ประโยชน์แท้จริงได้อย่างไร? ที่นี่มีพระภควาน วาสุเทวะ และยังมีเจ้าแห่งปาญจาลผู้ชราด้วย ข้าพเจ้าขอนอบน้อมเพื่อแสวงหาความโปรดปรานของท่านทั้งหลาย”

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
नीचाःlow/base (people)
नीचाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनीच
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
दौष्कुलेयाःborn of a bad family/low-born
दौष्कुलेयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदौष्कुलेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निर्धर्मार्थम्devoid of dharma and artha
निर्धर्मार्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्धर्मार्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मdeed/action
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्युःwould do/should do
कुर्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पार्थाःthe sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas)
पार्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सःhe/that (I, in context)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular
प्रसाद्यhaving pleased/propitiated
प्रसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रसादय् (प्र + सद्/सादय् caus.)
FormAbsolutive (Tumun/ktvā-anta: -ya), Parasmaipada (sense)
प्रणतःbowed down/submissive
प्रणतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रणत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वासुदेवम्Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
वासुदेवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पाञ्चालानाम्of the Pāñcālas
पाञ्चालानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अधिपम्lord/ruler
अधिपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधिप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वृद्धम्aged/elder
वृद्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pārthāḥ (Pāṇḍavas)
V
Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
P
Pāñcāla-adhipa (Drupada)
P
Pāñcālas

Educational Q&A

Actions that do not lead to dharma (righteous order) or artha (legitimate welfare) are condemned as ‘low’ regardless of power or lineage; the verse frames ethical restraint and conciliatory speech—seeking the goodwill of respected elders and Kṛṣṇa—as the proper means to avert ruin.

In the tense pre-war diplomacy of the Udyoga Parva, Sañjaya speaks in a pleading, conciliatory tone, invoking the presence and moral authority of Kṛṣṇa and the aged Pāñcāla king (Drupada) to argue that the Pāṇḍavas would not commit a disgraceful, fruitless act, and to urge a course that secures the welfare of the Kuru line.