Shloka 10

भीष्म-द्रोणादिभिः पाण्डवसेनाक्षयकाल-निर्णयः | Time-estimates for the depletion of the Pāṇḍava forces

Bhīṣma–Droṇa council

Devanagari script

शलो भूरिश्रवा: शल्य: कौसल्यो<थ बूृहद्रथ: । एते पश्चादनुगता धार्तराष्ट्रपुरोगमा:

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

śalo bhūriśravāḥ śalyaḥ kausalyo 'tha bṛhadrathaḥ |

ete paścād anugatā dhārtarāṣṭra-purogamāḥ senā-sahitāḥ kṛtavarmā mahārathaḥ trigartāḥ ||

Translation

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—ศละ ภูริศรวัส ศัลยะ กษัตริย์แห่งโกศล และต่อมาพฤหัทรถะ—นักรบเหล่านี้ติดตามอยู่เบื้องหลัง โดยให้เหล่าบุตรแห่งธฤตราษฏระ (มีทุรโยธนะเป็นผู้นำหน้า) อยู่แนวหน้า

Word by Word

• शलः: Shala (proper name)
• शलः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भूरिश्रवाः: Bhurishravas
• भूरिश्रवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूरिश्रवस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शल्यः: Shalya
• शल्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शल्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कौसल्यः: the Kosala king (Kausalya)
• कौसल्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अथ: and/then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• बृहद्रथः: Brihadratha
• बृहद्रथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहद्रथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• एते: these (men)
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पश्चात्: behind/afterwards
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात्

• अनुगताः: followed/went after
• अनुगताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनुगम्
• Form: Past passive participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• धार्तराष्ट्रपुरोगमाः: having Dhritarashtra's son (Duryodhana) in front; led by the Dhartarashtra
• धार्तराष्ट्रपुरोगमाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धार्तराष्ट्र-पुरोगम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Śala
• Bhūriśravas
• Śalya
• Kosala
• Bṛhadratha
• Dhārtarāṣṭras
• Kṛtavarman
• Trigartas
• army (senā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical tension between allegiance and dharma: eminent warriors and entire contingents choose to follow Duryodhana’s lead, illustrating how political bonds and martial solidarity can draw even great figures into a conflict whose righteousness is contested.

What is happening in the narrative?

A list of notable Kaurava-aligned warriors and their forces is given as they proceed in formation, following behind with the Dhārtarāṣṭras (led by Duryodhana) placed at the front—indicating the mustering and marching order of a military division in the lead-up to war.