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Shloka 23

Adhyāya 128 — Proposal to Restrain Keśava; Sātyaki’s Warning and Vidura–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Counsel

'भरतश्रेष्ठ) महामते! कोई भी अपनी इच्छामात्रसे राज्यकी प्राप्ति, रक्षा अथवा उपभोग नहीं कर सकता ।। न हुवश्येन्द्रियो राज्यमश्रीयाद्‌ दीर्घमन्तरम्‌ । विजितात्मा तु मेधावी स राज्यमभिपालयेत्‌,“जिसने अपनी इन्द्रियोंको वशमें नहीं किया है, वह दीर्घकालतक राज्यका उपभोग नहीं कर सकता। जिसने अपने मनको जीत लिया है, वह मेधावी पुरुष ही राज्यकी रक्षा कर सकता है

vaiśampāyana uvāca | na hy avaśyendriyo rājyam aśrīyād dīrgham antaram | vijitātmā tu medhāvī sa rājyam abhipālayet ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า ผู้ใดมิได้สำรวมอินทรีย์ ย่อมไม่อาจทรงไว้หรือเสวยราชสมบัติได้ยืนนาน แต่ผู้มีปัญญา ผู้ชนะตนเอง ครองจิตภายในได้เท่านั้น จึงสมควรพิทักษ์และธำรงแผ่นดิน

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
hiindeed
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
avaśyacertainly/inevitably
avaśya:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootavaśya
indriyaḥone whose senses (are ...); a person (with senses)
indriyaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootindriya
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
rājyamkingdom, sovereignty
rājyam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootrājya
Formneuter, accusative, singular
aśrīyātshould resort to/should obtain/should enjoy
aśrīyāt:
TypeVerb
Root√śri (śrayate)
Formvidhi-liṅ (optative), ātmanepada, 3rd, singular
dīrghamlong (time)
dīrgham:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootdīrgha
Formneuter, accusative, singular
antaraminterval, duration
antaram:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootantara
Formneuter, accusative, singular
vijita-ātmāone who has conquered himself (self-controlled)
vijita-ātmā:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootvijita (ppp of √ji) + ātman
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
tubut, however
tu:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu
medhāvīintelligent, wise
medhāvī:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootmedhāvin
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad (sa)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
rājyamkingdom, sovereignty
rājyam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootrājya
Formneuter, accusative, singular
abhipālayetshould protect/should govern
abhipālayet:
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√pāl
Formvidhi-liṅ (optative), parasmaipada, 3rd, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

Political power is not secured by mere desire or claim; durable kingship depends on indriya-nigraha (control of the senses) and vijaya over the mind. Only a self-mastered, discerning ruler can truly protect and sustain a realm.

In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-filled setting before the great war, the narrator Vaiśampāyana states a general principle of rājadharma: an unrestrained person cannot hold royal authority for long, whereas a self-conquered wise man is fit to govern and safeguard the kingdom.