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Shloka 18

Vāmadeva’s Rājadharma: Norm-Setting, Counsel, and the Prevention of Rāṣṭra-Vināśa (वामदेव-प्रोक्तं राजधर्मम्)

रक्षितात्मा च यो राजा रक्ष्यान्‌ यश्चानुरक्षति । प्रजाश्न॒ तस्य वर्धन्ते ध्रुवं च महदश्षुते,जो नरेश अपने शरीरकी रक्षा करके रक्षणीय पुरुषोंकी भी सदा रक्षा करता है, उसकी प्रजा अभ्युदयशील होती है और वह राजा भी निश्चय ही महान्‌ फलका भागी होता है

rakṣitātmā ca yo rājā rakṣyān yaścānurakṣati | prajāś ca tasya vardhante dhruvaṃ ca mahad aśnute ||

วามเทวะกล่าวว่า พระราชาผู้คุ้มครองตนเองก่อน แล้วจึงพิทักษ์ผู้ที่ควรได้รับการพิทักษ์อยู่เสมอ ย่อมทำให้ไพร่ฟ้าประชาราษฎร์เจริญรุ่งเรือง; และพระองค์เองก็ย่อมได้รับผลอันยิ่งใหญ่โดยแน่นอน.

रक्षितात्माone who has protected/controlled himself
रक्षितात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्षित-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रक्ष्यान्those who ought to be protected
रक्ष्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्ष्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुरक्षतिprotects, guards continually
अनुरक्षति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-रक्ष्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तस्यof him, his
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वर्धन्तेgrow, prosper
वर्धन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
ध्रुवम्certainly
ध्रुवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootध्रुव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महत्great (thing/result)
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अश्नुतेattains, obtains
अश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

वामदेव उवाच

V
Vāmadeva
T
the king (rājā)
S
subjects/people (prajāḥ)
T
those to be protected (rakṣyāḥ)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s legitimacy and merit rest on disciplined self-protection and steadfast protection of those under his care; such governance makes the people flourish and yields great spiritual and moral reward to the king.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Vāmadeva states a principle of ideal kingship: the king must secure himself and then actively safeguard the protectable—thereby ensuring public prosperity and accruing great merit.