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Shloka 2

दुर्ग-निवेश-राजधर्मः | Fortified Capital and the King’s Residential Polity

Rājadharma

भीष्म उवाच वस्तव्यं यत्र कौन्तेय सपुत्रज्ञातिबन्धुना । न्याय्यं तत्र परिप्रष्टं वृत्ति गुप्तिंच भारत,भीष्मजीने कहा--भारत! कुन्तीनन्दन! पुत्र, कुटुम्बीजन तथा बन्धुवर्गके साथ राजा जिस नगरमें निवास करे, उसमें जीवन-निर्वाह तथा रक्षाकी व्यवस्थाके सम्बन्धमें तुम्हारा प्रश्न करना न्यायसड्भत है

bhīṣma uvāca: vastavyaṁ yatra kaunteya saputra-jñāti-bandhunā | nyāyyaṁ tatra paripraṣṭaṁ vṛtti-guptiṁ ca bhārata ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “โอ้กุนตีบุตร โอ้ภารตะ ณ นครใดที่พระราชาประทับพร้อมด้วยพระโอรส ญาติ และมิตรสหาย การไต่ถามถึงปัจจัยยังชีพและการจัดการคุ้มกันรักษา ณ ที่นั้น ย่อมเป็นสิ่งชอบธรรมตามยุติธรรม”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
वस्तव्यम्is to be dwelt (one should reside)
वस्तव्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवस्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
कौन्तेयO son of Kunti
कौन्तेय:
TypeNoun
Rootकौन्तेय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सपुत्रज्ञातिबन्धुनाtogether with sons, kinsmen, and relatives
सपुत्रज्ञातिबन्धुना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसपुत्रज्ञातिबन्धु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
न्याय्यम्proper, justified
न्याय्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootन्याय्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्रthere, in that place/context
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
परिप्रष्टम्to be asked (to be inquired about)
परिप्रष्टम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वृत्तिम्livelihood, means of subsistence
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गुप्तिम्protection, security
गुप्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुप्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira (Kaunteya, Bharata)
S
sons (putra)
K
kinsmen (jñāti)
R
relations/allies (bandhu)
K
king (implied)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma affirms that questions about a ruler’s arrangements for people’s livelihood (vṛtti) and security (gupti) are not intrusive but ethically appropriate; good governance requires transparent, just provision for sustenance and protection where the king and his household reside.

In the Shanti Parva dialogue on kingship and dharma, Bhishma responds to Yudhishthira, validating his inquiry: in any city where the king lives with his sons and kin, it is right to ask how maintenance and protection are organized.