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Shloka 1

Vyavahāra-Śuddhi and Rājadharma: Clean Administration, Counsel, and Proportional Punishment

Chapter 86

भीकम (2 अमान पञ्चाशीतितमोब<् ध्याय: राजाकी व्यावहारिक नीति, मन्त्रिमण्डलका संघटन, दण्डका औचित्य तथा दूत, द्वारपाल, शिरोरक्षक, मन्त्री और सेनापतिके गुण युधिछिर उवाच कथं स्विदिह राजेन्द्र पालयन्‌ पार्थिव: प्रजा: । प्रीतिं धर्मविशेषेण कीर्तिमाप्रोति शाश्वतीम्‌,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--राजेन्द्र! इस जगतमें राजा किस प्रकार धर्मविशेषके द्वारा प्रजाका पालन करे, जिससे वह लोगोंका प्रेम और अक्षय कीर्ति प्राप्त कर सके?

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: kathaṃ svid iha rājendra pālayan pārthivaḥ prajāḥ | prītiṃ dharmaviśeṣeṇa kīrtim āpnoti śāśvatīm ||

ยุธิษฐิระกล่าวว่า “ข้าแต่ราชาเหนือราชาทั้งหลาย กษัตริย์ในโลกนี้พึงคุ้มครองและปกครองไพร่ฟ้าประชาราษฎร์อย่างไร เพื่อด้วยการยึดมั่นในธรรมอย่างยิ่ง จึงได้ความรักจากชนทั้งปวงและบรรลุเกียรติยศอันยั่งยืน?”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
स्वित्indeed (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
इहhere, in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
राजेन्द्रO king of kings
राजेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पालयन्while protecting / protecting
पालयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपालयत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
पार्थिवःa king, ruler
पार्थिवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
प्रीतिम्affection, goodwill
प्रीतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मविशेषेणby a particular (special) dharma
धर्मविशेषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मविशेष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कीर्तिम्fame, renown
कीर्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकीर्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आप्नोतिattains, obtains
आप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular
शाश्वतीम्eternal, everlasting
शाश्वतीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वत
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
R
rājendra (addressed king)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames ideal kingship as protection and welfare of the people grounded in dharma; a ruler’s legitimacy is measured not merely by power but by righteous governance that earns public goodwill and lasting reputation.

In the Śānti Parva dialogue on statecraft and royal duty, Yudhiṣṭhira asks the senior authority he is addressing (rājendra) how a king should govern and protect the subjects so as to gain their affection and imperishable fame through exemplary dharma.