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Shloka 10

Treasury Security, Protection of Informants, and the Kalakavṛkṣīya Exemplum (Śānti Parva 83)

स बुद्ध्वा तस्य राष्ट्रस्य व्यवसायं हि सर्वश: । राजयुक्तापहारांश्व सर्वान्‌ बुद्ध्वा ततस्ततः,उस राष्ट्रके सारे व्यवसायोंको जानकर तथा राजकीय कर्मचारियोंद्वारा राजाकी सम्पत्तिके अपहरण होनेकी सारी घटनाओंका जहाँ-तहाँसे पता लगाकर वे उत्तम व्रतका पालन करनेवाले महर्षि अपनेको सर्वज्ञ घोषित करते हुए उस कौएको साथ ले राजासे मिलनेके लिये आये

sa buddhvā tasya rāṣṭrasya vyavasāyaṁ hi sarvaśaḥ | rājayuktāpahārāṁś ca sarvān buddhvā tataḥ tataḥ ||

ครั้นเขาได้รู้แจ้งทั่วถึงถึงกิจการและระเบียบทั้งปวงของแว่นแคว้นนั้น และสืบทราบจากที่ต่าง ๆ ถึงทุกกรณีที่ข้าราชการยักยอกทรัพย์ของพระราชาแล้ว ฤๅษีผู้ทรงวัตรอันประเสริฐก็ประกาศตนว่าเป็น “ผู้รู้ทั่ว” และพาอีกาตัวนั้นไปเข้าเฝ้าพระราชา

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्ध्वाhaving understood/known
बुद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
तस्यof that (kingdom)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
राष्ट्रस्यof the kingdom/state
राष्ट्रस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
व्यवसायम्activity/occupation/administrative business
व्यवसायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवसाय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सर्वशःentirely/in every way
सर्वशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वशस्
राजयुक्तconnected with the king; royal officials
राजयुक्त:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootराजयुक्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental (in compound usage with -आहारान्), Plural (semantic; agrees with implied agents)
अपहारान्thefts/embezzlements/acts of seizure
अपहारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपहार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बुद्ध्वाhaving ascertained
बुद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
ततःfrom there/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
ततःfrom there (here and there)
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (speaker)
T
the king (rājā)
R
royal officials (rājayuktāḥ)
A
a great sage (maharṣi)
A
a crow (kāka)
T
the kingdom/state (rāṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

A king’s dharma is not only personal virtue but also active supervision of the state: understanding the realm’s workings and detecting misappropriation by officials. Ethical governance requires accountability for those who wield delegated royal power.

A vow-observing sage investigates the kingdom’s activities and uncovers instances where royal officers have stolen or diverted the king’s property. Claiming comprehensive knowledge, he approaches the king—bringing a crow—setting up a confrontation or counsel about administrative wrongdoing.