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Shloka 20

Chapter 81: Trust, Allies, and the Qualifications of the King’s Artha-Secretary (अर्थसचिव)

व्यसनान्नित्यभीतो यः समृद्धया यो न दुष्यति । यत्‌ स्यादेवंविध॑ मित्र तदात्मसममुच्यते,जो मित्रपर विपत्ति आनेकी सम्भावनासे सदा डरता रहता है और उसकी उन्नति देखकर मन-ही-मन ईर्ष्या नहीं करता है, ऐसे मित्रको अपने आत्माके समान बताया गया है

vyasanān nityabhīto yaḥ samṛddhyā yo na duṣyati | yat syād evaṃvidhaṃ mitra tad ātmasamam ucyate ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—มิตรผู้หวั่นเกรงอยู่เสมอว่าภัยพิบัติอาจมาถึงท่าน และเมื่อท่านรุ่งเรืองก็ไม่มัวหมองด้วยความริษยา—มิตรเช่นนั้นถูกประกาศว่าเสมอด้วยตนเอง

व्यसनात्from misfortune
व्यसनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
नित्यalways
नित्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
भीतःafraid
भीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समृद्ध्याby/at (another's) prosperity
समृद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसमृद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दुष्यतिis corrupted / bears malice
दुष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootदुष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be / may be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवंविधःof such a kind
एवंविधः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएवंविध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मित्रO friend
मित्र:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Vocative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आत्मसमम्equal to oneself
आत्मसमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मन् + सम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उच्यतेis said / is called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

A true friend is defined by two tests: sincere concern for your potential suffering and freedom from jealousy at your success. Such steadiness of goodwill makes the friend ‘like one’s own self’ (ātmasama).

In Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and right conduct. Here he characterizes the marks of an ideal friend, emphasizing loyalty in adversity and purity of heart in times of prosperity.