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Shloka 11

ऋत्विग्धर्मः, दक्षिणा-न्यायः, तपसः परमार्थः

Ritvij-Dharma, the Norm of Dakṣiṇā, and the Higher Meaning of Tapas

तात! दक्षिणा यज्ञोंका अड़ है। वही वेदोक्त यज्ञोंका विस्तार एवं उनमें न्यूनताकी पूर्ति करनेवाली है। दक्षिणाहीन यज्ञ किसी प्रकार भी यजमानका उद्धार नहीं कर सकते

tāta! dakṣiṇā yajñānām aṅgaḥ. sā eva vedoktānāṁ yajñānāṁ vistāraṁ ca teṣu nyūnatāyāḥ pūrtiṁ ca karoti. dakṣiṇāhīnā yajñāḥ kathaṁcid api yajamānasya uddhāraṁ na kartum śaknuvanti.

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ลูกเอ๋ย ทักษิณาเป็นองค์สำคัญของยัญ นั่นเองที่ทำให้ยัญตามพระเวทสมบูรณ์และแผ่ขยาย อีกทั้งชดเชยส่วนที่บกพร่อง ยัญที่ปราศจากทักษิณาไม่อาจยังความเกื้อกูลยกจิตยกธรรมแก่ยชามานได้ไม่ว่ากรณีใด”

तातO dear (son)!
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दक्षिणाthe sacrificial fee/gift (dakṣiṇā)
दक्षिणा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञानाम्of sacrifices
यज्ञानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अङ्गम्a limb/essential part
अङ्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्ग
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
indeed
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वेदोक्तानाम्of those enjoined in the Veda
वेदोक्तानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवेदोक्त
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
यज्ञानाम्of sacrifices
यज्ञानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
विस्तारःexpansion/extension
विस्तारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
साshe/that (dakṣiṇā)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेषुin them (in those sacrifices)
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
न्यूनतायाःof deficiency/shortcoming
न्यूनतायाः:
TypeNoun
Rootन्यूनता
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
पूर्तिकरीone who completes/makes up (deficiency)
पूर्तिकरी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्तिकर
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दक्षिणाहीनाःdevoid of dakṣiṇā
दक्षिणाहीनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिणाहीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यज्ञाःsacrifices
यज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कथंचनin any way/at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
यजमानम्the sacrificer (patron)
यजमानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयजमान
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उद्धर्तुम्to save/deliver
उद्धर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-हृ
FormTumun (infinitive)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्नुवन्तिare able/can
शक्नुवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
yajamāna
D
dakṣiṇā
Y
yajña
V
Veda

Educational Q&A

A yajña is not merely a set of ritual actions; it must be ethically completed through dakṣiṇā—generous giving that perfects the rite, remedies deficiencies, and enables the patron to gain true spiritual benefit.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma teaches the listener that Veda-prescribed sacrifices require dakṣiṇā as an indispensable element; without it, the yajamāna’s intended uplift and merit do not arise.