Shloka 38

भीष्म उवाच अपारे यो भवेत्‌ पारमप्लवे यः प्लवो भवेत्‌ | शूद्रो वा यदि वाप्यन्य: सर्वथा मानमर्हति,भीष्मजीने कहा--बेटा! जो अपार संकटसे पार लगा दे, नौकाके अभावमें डूबते हुएको जो नाव बनकर सहारा दे, वह शूद्र हो या कोई अन्य, सर्वथा सम्मानके योग्य है

bhīṣma uvāca | apāre yo bhavet pāram aplave yaḥ plavo bhavet | śūdro vā yadi vāpy anyaḥ sarvathā mānam arhati |

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ลูกเอ๋ย ผู้ใดพาผู้อื่นข้ามพ้นคราวที่ฝั่งไกลไม่ปรากฏ และเมื่อไร้เรือก็ยอมเป็นเรือให้ผู้กำลังจมน้ำ—ผู้นั้นจะเป็นศูทรหรือผู้ใดก็ตาม—ย่อมควรแก่การยกย่องโดยสิ้นเชิง”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
अपारेin the boundless (danger), in an impassable situation
अपारे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअपार
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be / would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Potential), 3rd, Singular
पारम्the far shore, safety
पारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अप्लवेwhen there is no boat/raft (in a boatless situation)
अप्लवे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्लव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्लवःa boat/raft
प्लवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्लव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be / would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Potential), 3rd, Singular
शूद्रःa Shudra
शूद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अन्यःanother (person)
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वथाin every way, certainly
सर्वथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वथा
मानम्honour, respect
मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्हतिdeserves
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Shudra
B
boat/raft (plava)

Educational Q&A

Honor should be based on virtue and beneficent action—especially rescuing or supporting others in crisis—not on birth or social category. One who becomes a 'boat' for others in danger deserves respect regardless of varna.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma in the Shanti Parva, he states a principle of ethical evaluation: a person who provides decisive help when no help is available—metaphorically enabling crossing a shoreless danger—must be honored, even if society labels him a Shudra or otherwise low-status.