Shloka 9
राजधर्मः—प्रजापालनं दानयज्ञश्च
Royal Duty—Protection of Subjects, Generosity, and Sacrificial Discipline
Devanagari script
अप्याहुः सर्वमेवेति भूयो5र्धमिति निश्चय: । कर्मण: पृथिवीपाल नृशंसो5नृतवागपि
Translation
โอ้ผู้พิทักษ์แผ่นดิน! บางพวกกล่าวว่าในกรณีเช่นนี้พระราชาต้องเป็นผู้รับบาปทั้งหมด; อีกพวกหนึ่งยืนยันว่าพระองค์รับเพียงครึ่งหนึ่ง และพระราชาเช่นนั้นย่อมถูกนับว่าโหดร้ายและกล่าวเท็จด้วย
Word by Word
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (ब्रू/वद्-अर्थे)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
सर्वम्all, entire
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
भूयःagain; rather; more
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस्
अर्धम्half
अर्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
निश्चयःdecision, settled view
निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्मणःof the act/deed (esp. wrongdoing here)
कर्मणः:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
पृथिवीपालO protector of the earth (king)
पृथिवीपाल:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवीपाल
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नृशंसःcruel, ruthless
नृशंसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनृतवाक्speaking untruth; liar
अनृतवाक्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनृतवाच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पृथ्वीपतेO lord of the earth (king)
पृथ्वीपते:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथ्वीपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes