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Shloka 88

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

अशुभस्य चतुर्थाशस्त्रीनंशाननुवर्तते | कृष्टपच्यैव पृथिवी भवन्त्योषधयस्तथा

aśubhasya caturthāṃśas trīn aṃśān anuvartate | kṛṣṭapacyāiva pṛthivī bhavanty oṣadhayas tathā ||

ในสภาพนั้น ส่วนที่สี่แห่งอัปมงคลติดตามอยู่เบื้องหลังสามส่วนแห่งบุญกุศล แผ่นดินย่อมให้ธัญญาหารได้ก็ด้วยการไถหว่านเท่านั้น และพืชโอสถก็เกิดขึ้นโดยวิถีเดียวกัน

अशुभस्यof inauspiciousness/evil
अशुभस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअशुभ
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चतुर्थःthe fourth part
चतुर्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अंशःportion/share
अंशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअंश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रीन्three
त्रीन्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अंशान्parts/shares
अंशान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअंश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनुवर्ततेfollows/keeps to
अनुवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
कृष्टपच्याby ploughing-and-sowing (i.e., by cultivation)
कृष्टपच्या:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष्टपच्या
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पृथिवीthe earth
पृथिवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भवन्तिcome to be/arise
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
ओषधयःplants/herbs
ओषधयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootओषधि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तथाso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
O
Oṣadhayaḥ (medicinal herbs)

Educational Q&A

Moral and social conditions are linked to righteous governance and the balance of merit and demerit: as inauspiciousness increases (even as a subordinate ‘fourth part’), nature’s spontaneous abundance diminishes and human society must rely more on disciplined effort (cultivation), reflecting a step down from a higher yuga.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma and royal policy (daṇḍanīti), he describes a yuga-transition scenario: when the world’s moral balance shifts so that a portion of ‘aśubha’ trails the dominant ‘good,’ the age resembles the onset of Tretā, marked by the earth producing crops and herbs only through ploughing and sowing.