Shloka 80
Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)
Devanagari script
दण्डनीरत्यां यदा राजा सम्यक् कार्त्स्न्येन वर्तते । तदा कृतयुगं नाम कालसूृष्टं प्रवर्तते
Translation
“เมื่อพระราชาทรงดำเนินทัณฑนีติอย่างครบถ้วนและถูกต้องแล้ว กฤตยุค—ซึ่งกาลเป็นผู้สร้าง—ย่อมเริ่มหมุนเวียนขึ้น กาลที่ถูกหล่อหลอมด้วยพระราชอำนาจนั่นเองย่อมก่อกำเนิดสัตยยุค”
Word by Word
दण्डनीत्याम्in the policy of punishment / governance
दण्डनीत्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्डनीति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्यक्properly, correctly
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
कार्त्स्न्येनwith completeness, entirely
कार्त्स्न्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्त्स्न्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वर्ततेconducts himself / acts
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते)
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
कृतयुगम्the Kṛta-yuga (Satya-yuga)
कृतयुगम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतयुग
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नामby name, called
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
कालसृष्टम्created/produced by time
कालसृष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकालसृष्ट
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेcomes into operation / begins
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रवृत् (प्रवर्तते)
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes