Previous Verse

Shloka 105

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

तस्मात्‌ कौरव्य धर्मेण प्रजा: पालय नीतिमान्‌ । एवं वृत्त: प्रजा रक्षन्‌ स्वर्ग जेतासि दुर्जयम्‌,अतः कुरुनन्दन! तुम दण्डनीतिका आश्रय ले धर्मपूर्वक प्रजाका पालन करो। यदि नीतियुक्त व्यवहारसे रहकर प्रजाकी रक्षा करोगे तो दुर्जय स्वर्गको जीत लोगे

tasmāt kauravya dharmeṇa prajāḥ pālaya nītimān | evaṁ vṛttaḥ prajā rakṣan svargaṁ jetāsi durjayam ||

เพราะฉะนั้น โอ้กุรุวงศ์ผู้สืบสาย! จงเป็นผู้มีนโยบายอันมั่นคง ปกป้องประชาตามธรรม. เมื่อประพฤติเช่นนี้และพิทักษ์ราษฎรไว้ เจ้าจักพิชิตแม้สวรรค์อันยากจะพิชิต

तस्मात्therefore/from that reason
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
Formablative singular (masc/neut)
कौरव्यO Kaurava (descendant of Kuru)
कौरव्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
Formvocative singular masculine
धर्मेणby/with righteousness, according to dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Forminstrumental singular masculine
प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
Formaccusative plural feminine
पालयprotect, govern
पालय:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootपाल्
Formimperative, 2nd person singular, parasmaipada
नीतिमान्O prudent/wise one (possessing नीति)
नीतिमान्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनीतिमत्
Formvocative singular masculine
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
Formindeclinable
वृत्तःhaving behaved/acting (thus)
वृत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्त
Formnominative singular masculine (past passive participle of √वृत्/√वृत्त् 'to behave/act')
प्रजाःthe subjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
Formaccusative plural feminine
रक्षन्protecting
रक्षन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
Formpresent active participle, nominative singular masculine
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
Formaccusative singular masculine
जेतासिyou will conquer
जेतासि:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formperiphrastic future, 2nd person singular, parasmaipada
दुर्जयम्hard to conquer
दुर्जयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्जय
Formaccusative singular masculine (agreeing with स्वर्गम्)
अतःtherefore, hence
अतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
Formindeclinable
कुरुनन्दनO delight of the Kurus
कुरुनन्दन:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुनन्दन
Formvocative singular masculine

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
Kauravya (Kuru-descendant addressee, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

A king’s highest duty is to protect and sustain the people through dharma-informed governance and prudent policy (nīti); such righteous rule yields the supreme reward, symbolized as conquering even difficult-to-attain heaven.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on rājadharma (the duties of kings). Here he urges the Kuru king to rule ethically, using disciplined statecraft to protect the subjects, promising spiritual merit as the outcome.