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Shloka 403

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament for Karṇa and Renunciation-Oriented Self-Assessment (शोक-प्रलापः / त्याग-प्रवृत्तिः)

परिग्रहवता तनमे प्रत्यक्षमरिसूदन । शत्रुओंको तपानेवाले अर्जुन! मैं तुम सब लोगोंसे बिदा लेकर वनमें चला जाऊँगा। शत्रुसूदन! श्रुति कहती है कि “संग्रह-परिग्रहमें फँसा हुआ मनुष्य पूर्णतम धर्म (परमात्माका दर्शन) नहीं प्राप्त कर सकता।' इसका मुझे प्रत्यक्ष अनुभव हो रहा है

parigrahavatā tan me pratyakṣam arisūdana | śatrūn tāpan eva arjuna! ahaṃ yuṣmān sarvān vidāya vanam eva gamiṣyāmi | śatrusūdana! śrutiḥ vadati—“saṅgraha-parigraheṣu baddhaḥ manuṣyaḥ pūrṇatamaṃ dharmaṃ (paramātma-darśanam) na prāpnoti” iti | tasya mama pratyakṣam anubhavaḥ vartate |

ยุธิษฐิระกล่าวว่า— “โอ อริสูทนะ ข้าพเจ้าเห็นประจักษ์ในตนเองว่า เมื่อถูกพันธนาการด้วยทรัพย์สินและความใคร่จะสั่งสม ก็ไม่อาจเข้าถึงธรรมอันสูงสุด—คือการได้ประจักษ์พระปรมาตมัน. โอ อรชุน ผู้เผาผลาญศัตรู ข้าพเจ้าจะลาทุกคนแล้วออกสู่ป่า. เพราะศรุติประกาศว่า ‘ผู้ที่ติดอยู่ในความตระหนี่สะสมและความยึดถือครอบครอง ย่อมไม่บรรลุธรรมอันบริบูรณ์ที่สุด’ และสัจจะนั้นบัดนี้เป็นประสบการณ์ตรงของข้าพเจ้าเอง.”

परिग्रहवताby/with one who has possessions (attachment)
परिग्रहवता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिग्रहवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
तन्मेthat (fact) to/for me
तन्मे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् + अहम्
FormNeuter (तद्), Nominative/Accusative, Singular, मे (Genitive/Dative singular of अहम्)
प्रत्यक्षम्directly; evident
प्रत्यक्षम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Adverb
Rootप्रत्यक्ष
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अरिसूदनO slayer of foes
अरिसूदन:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun (proper epithet)
Rootअरिसूदन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तपानेburns/torments
तपाने:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वालेone who (does)
वाले:
TypeAdjective
Rootवत् (possessive suffix) / Hindi participial
FormNon-Sanskrit (Hindi) word in the given text
अर्जुनO Arjuna
अर्जुन:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
युष्मान्you (all)
युष्मान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
लोकान्people; worlds
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विसृज्यhaving left; having dismissed
विसृज्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि + सृज्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
वनम्to the forest
वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गमिष्यामिI shall go
गमिष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormSimple Future (Lṛṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
शत्रुसूदनO slayer of enemies
शत्रुसूदन:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun (proper epithet)
Rootशत्रुसूदन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
श्रुतिःthe Veda; scripture
श्रुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कथयतिsays; declares
कथयति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
संग्रहपरिग्रहेin accumulation and possession
संग्रहपरिग्रहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्रह + परिग्रह
FormMasculine, Locative, Dual
सक्तःattached; stuck
सक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसञ्ज् (सक्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle
मनुष्यःa man; person
मनुष्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पूर्णतमम्the most complete
पूर्णतमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्णतम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma; highest duty
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्राप्नोतिattains
प्राप्नोति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that (truth)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ममof me; my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormGenitive, Singular
प्रत्यक्षम्directly; as direct experience
प्रत्यक्षम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Adverb
Rootप्रत्यक्ष
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अनुभवःexperience
अनुभवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनुभव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिis; becomes
भवति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
Arjuna
Ś
Śruti (Vedic revelation)
F
Forest (vana)

Educational Q&A

Attachment to possessions and the habit of accumulation (saṅgraha–parigraha) obstruct the highest dharma—spiritual realization (paramātma-darśana). Therefore, inner freedom requires detachment rather than mere external power or wealth.

Yudhiṣṭhira, burdened by the moral weight of worldly entanglement, tells Arjuna that he intends to bid everyone farewell and go to the forest. He supports his resolve by citing Śruti: one trapped in hoarding and possessiveness cannot attain the supreme spiritual goal.