Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament for Karṇa and Renunciation-Oriented Self-Assessment (शोक-प्रलापः / त्याग-प्रवृत्तिः)

तासामयं समुद्योगो निर्वत्त: केवलोडफल:,परंतु उनका यह उद्योग सर्वथा निष्फल हो गया; क्योंकि हमलोगोंने उन सब माताओंके नवयुवक पुत्रोंको, जो विशुद्ध सुवर्णमय कुण्डलोंसे अलंकृत थे, मार डाला है। वे इस भूलोकके भोगोंके उपभोगका अवसर न पाकर देवताओं और पितरोंका ऋण उतारे बिना ही यमलोकमें चले गये

tāsām ayaṃ samudyogo nirvṛttaḥ kevalo ’phalaḥ; paraṃtu vayaṃ tāḥ sarvā mātṝṇāṃ nava-yuvaka-putrān, viśuddha-suvarṇa-maya-kuṇḍalair alaṅkṛtān, jaghnima. te ’sya bhūlokasya bhogān anubhavituṃ avasaraṃ na prāpya, devatṛ-ṛṇaṃ pitṛ-ṛṇaṃ ca anapākṛtyaiva yama-lokaṃ gatāḥ.

ยุธิษฐิระกล่าวว่า “ดังนั้นความเพียรพยายามของพวกนางจึงจบลงด้วยความสูญเปล่าโดยสิ้นเชิง เพราะเรานี่เองได้สังหารบุตรหนุ่มของมารดาเหล่านั้น—ผู้ประดับด้วยตุ้มหูทองคำบริสุทธิ์ โดยมิได้ลิ้มรสความรื่นรมย์แห่งโลกมนุษย์ และมิได้ชำระหนี้ต่อเทพและบรรพชน พวกเขาก็จากไปสู่แดนของยม”

तासाम्of those (women/mothers)
तासाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
अयम्this
अयम्:
विशेषण-सम्बन्ध (समुद्योगस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
समुद्योगःeffort, undertaking
समुद्योगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्योग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
निर्वृत्तःturned out, resulted
निर्वृत्तः:
विशेषण (समुद्योगस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्वृत्/निर्वर्त् (धातु) → निर्वृत्त (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
केवलःmere, only
केवलः:
विशेषण (फलस्य/समुद्योगस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootकेवल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उत्फलःfruitless, vain
उत्फलः:
विशेषण (समुद्योगस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्फल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhishthira
M
mothers (mātṛ)
Y
young sons/warriors
G
golden earrings (kuṇḍala)
B
Bhūloka (earth/human world)
D
Devas (gods)
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
Y
Yama
Y
Yamaloka

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral cost of war: death can sever a person’s chance to fulfill life’s obligations (ṛṇa) to gods and ancestors. Yudhishthira frames the tragedy not only as loss of life but as the interruption of dharmic duties—an ethical lens that deepens his remorse.

Yudhishthira laments that the efforts of certain mothers (implicitly, their hopes and life-projects centered on their sons) have become futile because the young men were killed in the war. He emphasizes their youth and adornment, then notes they died before enjoying worldly life or repaying their religious and ancestral obligations, and thus went to Yama’s realm.