Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 36

राजा-दैवतत्वम् — The King as a Stabilizing ‘Daivata’ (Divine Function) in Social Order

राज्: परैः परिभव: सर्वेषामसुखावह: । तस्माच्छत्रं च पत्र च वासांस्थाभरणानि च,राजाका यदि दूसरोंके द्वारा पराभव हुआ तो वह समस्त प्रजाके लिये दुःखदायी होता है; इसलिये प्रजाको चाहिये कि वह राजाके लिये छत्र, वाहन, वस्त्र, आभूषण, भोजन, पान, गृह, आसन और शय्या आदि सभी प्रकारकी सामग्री भेंट करे

rājñaḥ paraiḥ paribhavaḥ sarveṣām asukhāvahaḥ | tasmāc chatraṃ ca patraṃ ca vāsāṃsy ābharaṇāni ca | bhojanaṃ pānaṃ gṛhaṃ cāsanaṃ śayyāṃ ca sarvaśaḥ |

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—หากพระราชาถูกผู้อื่นหยามเหยียดหรือปราชัย ย่อมนำทุกข์มาสู่คนทั้งปวง เพราะฉะนั้นราษฎรพึงจัดถวายสิ่งอุปถัมภ์ทั้งหลายแก่พระราชา ได้แก่ ฉัตรหลวง พาหนะ เครื่องนุ่งห่ม เครื่องประดับ อาหารและน้ำดื่ม ที่ประทับ ที่นั่ง และที่บรรทม เป็นต้น เพื่อให้พระราชอำนาจมั่นคงและคุ้มครองสวัสดิภาพของมหาชน

राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
परैःby others
परैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
परिभवःdefeat/insult (overpowering)
परिभवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिभव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वेषाम्of all (people)
सर्वेषाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
असुखावहःbringing unhappiness
असुखावहः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसुख-आवह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore/from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
छत्रम्umbrella/parasol
छत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootछत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पत्रम्fan/leaf (used as fan)
पत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वासांसिgarments
वासांसि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवासस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अथalso/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
आभरणानिornaments
आभरणानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआभरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
R
royal parasol (chatra)
R
royal conveyance/vehicle (patra)
G
garments (vāsāṃsi)
O
ornaments (ābharaṇa)
F
food (bhojana)
D
drink (pāna)
H
house/residence (gṛha)
S
seat (āsana)
B
bed (śayyā)

Educational Q&A

The welfare of society is tied to the stability and dignity of kingship; therefore subjects have a dharmic responsibility to materially support the king so that governance remains strong and the community is not harmed by political humiliation or defeat.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises (to Yudhishthira) that a king’s being overpowered by rivals brings suffering to all, and thus the populace should furnish the king with the practical and symbolic necessities of sovereignty—parasol, conveyance, clothing, ornaments, and basic comforts.