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Shloka 31

राजा-दैवतत्वम् — The King as a Stabilizing ‘Daivata’ (Divine Function) in Social Order

तस्य दृष्टवा महत्त्वं ते महेन्द्रस्येव देवता: । अपतत्रसिरे सर्वे स्वधर्मे च ददुर्मन:,जैसे देवता देवराज इन्द्रका प्रभाव देखकर प्रभावित हो जाते हैं, उसी प्रकार सब लोग महाराज मनुका महत्त्व देखकर आतंकित हो उठे और अपने-अपने धर्ममें मन लगाने लगे

tasya dṛṣṭvā mahattvaṃ te mahendrasyeva devatāḥ | apatatrāsire sarve svadharme ca dadur manaḥ ||

ครั้นเห็นความยิ่งใหญ่ของพระองค์ เขาทั้งหลาย—ดุจเหล่าเทพเมื่อประจักษ์มหิทธิฤทธิ์แห่งมหินทร (อินทรา)—ต่างก็สะทกสะท้านด้วยความเกรงขามและเคารพ แล้วแต่ละคนก็หันจิตตั้งมั่นในสวธรรมของตน

तस्यof him/its
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
महत्त्वम्greatness, majesty
महत्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहत्त्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महेन्द्रस्यof Mahendra (great Indra)
महेन्द्रस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
देवताःthe gods
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
अपतत्रसिरेwere terrified, trembled
अपतत्रसिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-त्रस्
Formलिट् (Perfect), Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वधर्मेin (their) own duty
स्वधर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ददुःplaced, gave
ददुः:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formलिट् (Perfect), Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Mahendra (Indra)
D
Devatāḥ (the gods)

Educational Q&A

True greatness in a ruler or exemplary person inspires awe that re-establishes moral order: people become restrained and redirect themselves toward svadharma, their rightful duties.

Bhishma describes how, upon witnessing a person’s extraordinary eminence, everyone reacts as the gods do before Indra—overawed and fearful—and consequently becomes attentive to proper conduct and duty.