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Shloka 19

Kṣātra-Dharma, Daṇḍanīti, and Social Order

Indra–Māndhātṛ Dialogue

मान्धातोवाच असंशयं भगवन्नादिदेवं द्रक्ष्यामि त्वा5हं शिरसा सम्प्रसाद्य | त्यक्त्वा कामान्‌ धर्मकामोहारण्य- मिच्छे गन्तुं सत्पर्थं लोकदृष्टम्‌,मान्धाताने कहा--भगवन्‌! मैं आपके चरणोंमें मस्तक झुकाकर आपको प्रसन्न करके आपकी ही दयासे आदिदेव भगवान्‌ विष्णुका दर्शन प्राप्त कर लूँगा, इसमें संशय नहीं है। इस समय मैं समस्त कामनाओंका परित्याग करके केवल धर्मसम्पादनकी इच्छा रखकर वनमें जाना चाहता हूँ; क्योंकि लोकमें सभी सत्पुरुष अन्तमें इसी सन्मार्गका दिग्दर्शन करा गये हैं

bhīṣma uvāca | māndhātovāca: asaṁśayaṁ bhagavan ādi-devaṁ drakṣyāmi tvāhaṁ śirasā samprasādya | tyaktvā kāmān dharma-kāmo ’haṁ āraṇyam icche gantuṁ sat-patham loka-dṛṣṭam ||

พระเจ้ามานธาตฤตรัสว่า “ข้าแต่พระผู้เป็นเจ้า ข้าพเจ้าจักได้เฝ้าพระอาทิเทพอย่างแน่นอน ด้วยการน้อมเศียรลงแทบพระบาทและได้ความโปรดปรานจากพระองค์ โดยพระกรุณาของพระองค์เอง บัดนี้ข้าพเจ้าละทิ้งความใคร่ทั้งปวง ปรารถนาเพียงการบำเพ็ญธรรม จึงใคร่จะออกสู่ป่า เพราะในโลกนี้ สัตบุรุษทั้งหลายได้ชี้ทางสันมรรคนี้ไว้ ณ ปลายชีวิต”

मान्धातोःof Māndhātṛ (Māndhātā)
मान्धातोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमान्धातृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
असंशयम्undoubtedly
असंशयम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअसंशय
भगवन्O Blessed Lord
भगवन्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
आदिदेवम्the primeval god
आदिदेवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआदिदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रक्ष्यामिI shall see
द्रक्ष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormSimple Future, First, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
शिरसाwith (my) head
शिरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सम्प्रसाद्यhaving propitiated / having pleased
सम्प्रसाद्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+प्र+सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
कामान्desires
कामान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
धर्मकामःdesiring dharma (righteousness)
धर्मकामः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
आरण्यम्to the forest / forest-life
आरण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआरण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इच्छेI wish / I desire
इच्छे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada
गन्तुम्to go
गन्तुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
सत्पथम्the good path
सत्पथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्पथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
लोकदृष्टम्seen/approved by the world (customary)
लोकदृष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootलोकदृष्ट
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle from दृश्)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
Māndhātā
Ā
Ādideva (Viṣṇu)

Educational Q&A

The verse upholds a classical ethical trajectory: renounce personal cravings (kāma) and orient life toward dharma, trusting that sincere humility and devotion lead to divine grace and higher vision (darśana). It also appeals to social-moral precedent—what the virtuous have demonstrated as the ‘true path’.

Within Bhīṣma’s discourse, Māndhātā speaks, declaring confidence that by bowing and pleasing the revered figure he will attain a vision of the Primeval Deity (identified in the Hindi gloss as Viṣṇu). He then announces his resolve to abandon worldly desires and go to the forest, following the well-attested path of the righteous.